인적자원개발정책의 비교 분석: 생산레짐이론을 중심으로 = A Comparative Analysis of the Education and Training Policies of Germany, Japan, and the United States: Production Regime Models

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article compares the education and training policies of Germany, Japan, and the United States based on the so-called production regimes, or varieties of capitalism approach. The hallmark of the varieties of capitalism approach is its focus on institutional complementarities among various spheres of the political economy. It tries to explain the characteristic features of education and training policies of each country by focusing on the linkages between education and training policies, the financial system, industrial relations, the welfare system, and corporate governance. Germany, Japan, and the United States were chosen as cases because these three countries are representative cases of industry-specific skill formation, firm-specific skill formation, and general skill formation, respectively.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 신제도주의 방법론에 기초한 생산레짐이론을 통해 자본주의의 다양성을 극명하게 보여주는 사례라 할 수 있는 독일, 일본, 미국의 인적자원개발정책을 비교하고 있다. 최근 제도이론의 주된 특징은 제도를 단일체로서가 아니라 복합체로서 인식하고, 제도의 구성요소들 간 상호보완성에 주목하고 있다는 것이다. 이러한 제도적 상호보완성 개념에 기초하고 있는 가장 대표적인 연구흐름이 자본주의 다양성 혹은 생산레짐이론이다. 제도적 상호보완성에 주목하는 이유는 각 국가에 고유한 제도의 모습을 통해 경제적 성과의 차이를 설명할 수 있다고 보기 때문이다. 특히, 각 국가에 고유한 금융제도, 기업 간 관계, 노사관계, 복지제도 등에 따라 교육 및 직업훈련제도가 다르게 나타나며, 이러한 교육 및 직업훈련제도를 통한 숙련의 수준과 정도에 따라 각 국가가 세계시장에서 경쟁력을 가질 수 있는 산업과 제품군이 크게 영향을 받는다는 것이다. 연구의 대상으로 독일, 일본, 미국을 선택한 이유는 이들 세 국가가 각각 산업 특정적 숙련형성, 기업 특정적 숙련형성, 그리고 일반 숙련형성의 대표적인 사례이기 때문이다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 양재진, "한국의 산업화시기 숙련형성과 복지제도의 기원: 생산레짐 시각에서 본 1962-1986년의 재해석" 38 (38): 85-103, 2004

2 하연섭, "지식·정보화 사회와 교육의 미래.” 21세기 한국 메가트렌드 시리즈 III" 정보통신정책연구원 2005

3 하연섭, "제도분석: 이론과 쟁점" 다산출판사 2003

4 하연섭, "신제도주의의 이론적 진화와 정책연구" 44 (44): 217-246, 2006

5 Hall, Peter A., "Varieties of Capitalism and Institutional Complementarities in the Macroeconomy: An Empirical Analysis , Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies Cologne Discussion Paper 04/5"

6 Ansell,Ben, "University Challenges: Explaining Institutional Change in Higher Education" 2006

7 Culpepper,Pepper D., "The Future of the High-Skill Equilibrium in Germany" 15 (15): 43-59, 1999

8 Finegold, David, "The Failure of Training in Britain: Analysis and Prescription" 4 (4): 21-53, 1988

9 Boyer,Robert, "The Embedded Innovation Systems of Germany and Japan: Distinctive Features and Futures ; The End of Diversity? Prospects for German and Japanese Capitalism" Cornell Univ 147-182, 2003

10 Amable,Bruno, "The Diversity of Modern Capitalism" Oxford University Press 2003

11 Estevez-Abe, Margarita, "Social Protection and the Formation of Skills: A Reinterpretation of the Welfare State ; Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations" 2001

12 Hirsch, Fred, "Social Limits to Growth" Routledge & Kegan Paul 1976

13 Culpepper,Pepper D., "Small States and Skill Specificity: Austria, Switzerland, and Interemployer Cleavages in Coordinated Capitalism" 40 (40): 611-637, 2007

14 Brown,Phillip, "Skill Formation in the Twenty-First Century ; High Skills: Globalization, Competitiveness, and Skill Formation" Oxford University Press 1-55, 2001

15 Ostermann,Hanna, "Rotten at the Core? The Higher Education Debate in Germany" 11 (11): 43-60, 2002

16 Soskice,David, "Reconciling Markets and Institutions: The German Apprenticeship System ; Training and the Private Sector: International Comparisons" University of Chicago Press 25-60, 1994

17 Green,Andy, "Models of High Skills in National Competition Strategies ; High Skills: Globalization, Competitiveness, and Skill Formation" Oxford University Press 56-160, 2001

18 Streeck,Wolfgang, "Lean Production in the German Automobile Industry: A Test Case for Convergence Theory ; National Diversity and Global Capitalism" Cornell University Press 138-170, 1996

19 Culpepper, Pepper D., "Introduction: Still a Model for the Industrialized Countries? ; The German Skills Machine: Sustaining Comparative Advantage in a Global Economy" Bergha 1-34, 1999b

20 Streeck, Wolfgang, "Introduction ; The End of Diversity? Prospects for German and Japanese Capitalism" Cornell University Press 1-50, 2003

21 Amable,Bruno, "Institutional Complementarity and Diversity of Social Systems of Innovation and Production" 7 (7): 645-687, 2000

22 Lauder, Hugh, "Innovation, Skill Diffusion, and Social Exclusion ; High Skills: Globalization, Competitiveness, and Skill Formation" Oxford University Press 161-203, 2001

23 Pontusson,Jonas, "Inequality and Prosperity: Social Europe vs. Liberal America" Cornell University Press 2005

24 Becker,Gary S., "Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education. 3rd ed." University of Chicago Press 1993

25 Dore, Ronald, "How the Japanese Learn to Work. 2nd ed." Routledge 1998

26 Schulze-Cleven, Tobias, "How Wealthy Nations Can Stay Wealthy: Innovation and Adaptability in a Digital Era" 12 (12): 451-475, 2007

27 Thelen,Kathleen, "How Institutions Evolve: The Political Economy of Skills in Germany, Britain, the United States, and Japan" Cambridge University Press 2004

28 H?ner,Klaus, "Governance and Funding of Higher Education in Germany" 28 (28): 145-163, 2003

29 Brown,Phillip, "Globalization and the Political Economy of High Skills ; High Skills: Globalization, Competitiveness, and Skill Formation" Oxford University Press 2001

30 Bowman,John R., "Employers and the Politics of Skill Formation in a Coordinated Market Economy: Collective Action and Class Conflict in Norway" 33 (33): 567-594, 2005

31 Ashton, David, "Education, Training and the Global Economy" Edward Elgar 1996

32 Brown, Phillip, "Education, Globalization and Economic Development ; Education, Training and the Future of Work I: Social, Political and Economic Contexts of Policy Development" 31-61, 1999

33 Green,Andy, "East Asian Skill Formation Systems and the Challenge of Globalisation" 12 (12): 253-279, 1999

34 Hollingsworth, J. Rogers, "Doing Institutional Analysis: Implications for the Study of Innovations" 7 (7): 595-644, 2000

35 Soskice,David, "Divergent Production Regimes: Coordinated and Uncoordinated Market Economies in the 1980s and 1990s ; Continuity and Change in Contemporary Capitalism" 1999

36 Herrigel, Gary, "Craft Production in Crisis: Industrial Restructuring in Germany during the 1990s ; The German Skills Machine: Sustaining Comparative Advantage in a Glo" 1999

37 Hollingsworth,J.Rogers, "Continuities and Changes in Social Systems of Production: The Cases of Japan, Germany, and the United States ; Contemporary Capitalism: The Embeddedness of Institutions" 1997

38 Iversen,Torben, "Capitalism, Democracy and Welfare: The Changing Nature of Production, Elections, and Social Protection in Modern Capitalism" Harvard University Press 2005

39 Kraak,Andre, "Book Review of High Skills" 5 (5): 485-488, 2002

40 Martin, Cathie Jo, "Beyond Bone Structure: Historical Institutionalism and the Style of Economic Growth ; Varieties of Capitalism, Varieties of Approaches" Palgrave 74-62, 2005

41 Crouch, Colin, "Are Skills the Answer? The Political Economy of Skill Creation in Advanced Industrial Countries" Oxford University Press 2001

42 Hall, Peter A., "An Introduction to Varieties of Capitalism ; Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage" Oxford University Press 1-68, 2001

43 Iversen, Torben, "An Asset Theory of Social Policy Preferences" 95 (95): 875-893, 2001

44 Soskice,David, "A Comparative Review: Germany, the UK, the USA and Japan ; The European Dimension in Vocational Training: Experiences and Tasks of Vocational Training Policy in the Member States of the E" 1995