지구공동체 윤리로서 환경정의와 환경교육 = Educating Environmental Justice as Ethics of Golbal Community

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper contributes to promote practical and theoretical interests in environmental justice and to place it to the center of environmental education. The developmental process of modern capitalism has brought about environmental inequalities, and in particular the neoliberal globalization process operating on the basis of market mechanism tends to have accelerated them. Thus, this paper suggests that the logic of market which has generated and deepened environmental inequalities should be replaced with the ethics of environmental justice. The ethics of environmental justice has emerged from practical movements of peoples of diverse classes and ethnic groups who have suffered from environmental inequalities. As the concerns on environmental justice have increased, there have been both various empirical researches on environmental inequalities and theoretical considerations to conceptualize environmental justice under several kinds of philosophical and social theoretical traditions(e.g. liberalism, utilitarianism, Marxism, postmodernism, etc.). What is more, such increasing concerns with environmental justice has been reflected on education for environmental justice. Environmental justice education, unlike traditional environmental education, gives the main focus to environmental inequalities between classes, ethnic groups and regions and tries to construct ecological communities in which humans and other members of ecology can share their environments and hence co-evolve each other.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 글은 지구공동체의 새로운 윤리로서 환경정의에 관한 실천적 이론적 관심을 고양하고 이를 환경교육의 핵심에 놓는 데 기여하고자 한다. 근대 자본주의의 발전은 환경불평등을 초래했으며, 특히 최근 시장메커니즘에 기초한 신자유주의적 세계화 과정은 이를 심화하고 있다. 따라서 이 논문은 환경불평등을 심화하는 시장의 논리에서 환경정의의 윤리로 전환해야 한다는 점을 강조한다. 환경정의의 윤리는 이러한 환경불평등으로 고통받는 다양한 계층 및 인종들에 의한 실천운동에서 제기되었다. 환경정의에 대한 관심이 증대함에 따라 환경불평등에 관한 다양한 경험적 연구와 더불어 철학적·사회이론적 전통들 ― 자유주의, 공리주, 마르크스주의, 포스트모더니즘 등 ― 에 기초해 환경정의를 개념화하기 위한 연구들이 전개되고 있다. 또한 환경정의에 대한 실천적 이론적 관심 증대는 환경정의를 중심으로 한 환경교육에 대한 강조로도 이어지고 있다. 환경정의교육은 전통적 환경교육과는 달리 도시사회에 심화되고 있는 계층, 인종, 지역 간 환경불평등의 문제들을 부각시키고 여기에 윤리적·실천적으로 접근해 환경정의에 기초한 생태공동체를 구축하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 문순홍, "환경정의와 지구 윤리 참관기" 14 : 1997

2 강영복, "환경정의에 관한 충북지역 중고등학생들의 의식 연구" 11 (11): 2003

3 강영복, "환경정의에 관한 청주지역 노인들의 의식" 12 (12): 2004

4 토다 키요시, "환경정의를 위하여" 창작과 비평사 1996

5 환경부, "환경윤리에 관한 서울 선언문" 환경부 1997

6 최병두, "환경사회이론과 국제환경문제" 한울 1995

7 강영복, "청주지역 주부들의 환경정의에 관한 의식" 14 (14): 2006

8 윤순진, "전지구적 환경위기와 기후변화협약 그리고 환경정의" 2002

9 권해수, "우리나라의 환경정의운동 연구" 13 (13): 2002

10 한면희, "세계화 시대의 환경정의" 32 : 2002

11 "생물다양성의 상품화 ≪농민과 사회≫" (겨울) :

12 이상헌, "새로운 환경정의론의 모색" 한울 1995

13 Kahn, "weaving a broad-based pedagogy of liberation for animals and the opresed people of the Earth"

14 Bowen, "spatial equity in Ohio and Cleveland Annals of the Association of American Geographers"

15 An Ecological Perspective, "World Sumit Papers of the Heinrich Boll Foundation"

16 Bullard, "Voices from the Grassroots" South End Press 1993

17 A, "Toxic Waste and the Movement for Environmental Justice University of Minnesota Press" 1994

18 Bowers, C. A, "Toward an eco-justice pedagogy" 8 (8): 21-34, 2002

19 Martinez-Alier, "The merchandising of biodiversity" Ashgate, Aldershot 1997

20 ed, "The Theory and Practice of Environmental Justice" New Society Publishers

21 Wenz, "State University of New York" 19882007

22 Almond, B, "Rights and justice in the environment debate" London & New York: Routledge 3-21, 1995

23 Wheeler, D, "Racing to the bottom? foreign Investment and air pollution in developing c" 2000

24 Zehle, S, "Notes on cross-border environmental justice education" 2002

25 Chiro, G. D, "Nature as community: the convergence of environment and social justice" New York and London: W.W. Notron Co 1996

26 Dowie, M, "Losing Ground: American Environmentalism at the close of the Twentieth century" Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press 1995

27 Low, N. P. and B. J. Gleeson, "Justice, Society and Nature: An Exploration of Political Ecology" New York & London: Routledge 1998

28 Michael, M. A, "International Justice and wilderness preservation" 31-332, 1997

29 Katz, E, "Imperialism and environmentalism" New York & London: Routledge 163-174, 1997

30 Low, N. P, "Global Ethics and the Environment" New York & London: Routledge 2000

31 Westra, L, "Faces of Environmental Racism" London: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers 1995

32 Cooper, D. E, "Environments: Intergenerational, International and Interspecies Issues" London and New York: Routledge 1995

33 Talbot, C, "Environmental justice" San Diego: Academic Press 2 : 1998

34 B o m e r, "Environmental improvement with trade liberalization European Journal of Political Economy" 1-9,

35 Bryant, B, "Environmental Justice: Issues, Policies and Solutions" Washington D.C.: Island 1995

36 San Francisco, "Environmental Justice and Comunities of Color"

37 J., Evans, "Environmental Justice Reader: Politics, Poetics, and Pedagogy" Tucson: The Univ. of Arizona Press 331-349, 2002

38 Athens, "Educating for Eco-Justice and Community" The Univ of Georgia Press

39 Shiva, V, "Ecological balance in an era of globalization" New York & London: Routledge 47-69, 1999

40 Chase, S, "Changing the nature of environmental studies, in Adamson" Tucson: The Univ. of Arizona Pres 351-367, 2002

41 Bowers, C. A, "Challenges in educating for ecologically sustainable comunities" 32 (32): 257-265, 2001a