다문화주의와 사회통합 -캐나다와 호주를 중심으로- = Multiculturalism and Social Integration: Focused on Canada and Australia

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Despite multiculturalism’shaving emerged as a policy idea for social inclusion strategy, as each country interpreted and applied it as they liked, the performance of actual social integration might appear differently in each country. This study analyzed Canada and Australia, classified as strong multicultural countries in the world, based on theoretical discussions of multiculturalism. The study went as follows: First, it analyzed the ideology and goals of multiculturalism, varying from state to state, through policy background, and historical context, such as with the emergence of immigration and ethnic minorities, and the process of their changes. Second, the study analyzed their laws and institutions, and government agencies, budgets, and programs as multiculturalism policy instruments. Third, the study analyzed the performance of social integration, by use of empirical data. Canada is showing visible results for social integration, with the emergence of a strong ethnic, accepting multiculturalism at high value in society,as part of the national identity, and as being at the foundation of its laws and institutions. But Australia, on the other hand, has been running integration policies that are close to assimilation. Because of political authorities tending towards the White Australia policy, and because of low public support for multiculturalism policies, Australia has not achieved social integration. Their process of policy formation has influenced the institutionalization and application of their policies, which in turn has influenced the social integration there.

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