재정분권화가 지방정부 사회복지지출에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Fiscal Decentralization on Local Social Welfare Expenditure in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study has attempted to empirically examine whether fiscal decentralization has any impact on local social welfare expenditure in Korea. Using a panel data set for the 15 regions of Korea excluding Cheju-do during the period from 1998 to 2009, we have estimated the potential impact of fiscal decentralization on local social welfare expenditure. The major findings are as follows: First, it is shown that fiscal decentralization measured by three types of indices has negative and significant effects on local social welfare expenditure, which is proxied by the per capita local welfare expenditure. All three decentralization variables appear to significantly lower local welfare expenditure during this period. Second, local fiscal capacity which is measured by per capital local tax revenue and per capital local GDP has positive and significant impact on local welfare expenditure. The third finding is that the size of local welfare beneficiaries such as populations of the elderly, the poor, and the umemployed is signficantly positively associated with local welfare expenditure. This result support the argument that local expenditure policy decision mainly depends upon the economic rationales, rather than political rationales. This result is also consistent with the hypothesis that fiscal decentralization may harm local welfare if improperly instituted.

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