행복의 양이 한정되어 있다는 믿음(BIFAH)과 주관적 안녕감 = Is Happiness a Zero-sum Game? Belief in Fixed Amount of Happiness(BIFAH) and Subjective Well-being

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 사람들의 행복에 대한 내재이론과 주관적 안녕감 수준의 관계를 살펴보았다. 여기서 행복에 대한 내재이론이란 행복의 양이 한정되어 있다는 믿음으로, 나와 남들 사이의 행복의 총량과 내가 평생 누릴 수 있는 행복의 총량을 포함한 새로운 개념이다. 연구 1에서는 행복의 양이 한정되어 있다는 믿음을 수량화할 수 있는 신뢰도와 타당도를 갖춘 척도를 개발하여 연구 2, 3, 4를 진행하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 행복의 양이 정해져 있다고 강하게 믿는 사람일수록 다른 사람들보다 덜 행복하였다. 둘째, 행복의 양이 한정되어 있다는 믿음은 외향성과 신경증을 통제한 후에도 유의미하게 주관적 안녕감을 예측하였다. 마지막으로, 본 믿음은 주관적 안녕감과 관련된 다양한 인간관계적, 행동적, 인지적 특성을 보였다. 즉, 행복의 양이 한정되어 있다고 강하게 믿는 사람일수록 1) 주변의 가족이나 친구들에게 호감이 덜 간다는 평가를 받았고, 2) 자신의 긍정적인 사건을 남에게 덜 알렸으며, 3) 그래프 상에서 최근 행복했다면 가까운 미래에는 덜 행복해질 것이라고 예측하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present research examined the link between people's lay theories of happiness and individual differences in subjective well-being level. Specifically, it was predicted that those who strongly believe that only a fixed amount of happiness exists in this world and also in each person's life would be less happy than others, even after controlling for extraversion and neuroticism. In addition to mean levels, this belief in limited happiness was expected to predict various relational, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics of the person. It was found that those who strongly endorsed the BIFAH 1) were rated less favorable by others, 2) capitalized less on positive events, and 3) made trend-reversing forecasts of future happiness.

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