조직공정성, 신뢰, 조직유효성간의 관련성에 관한 연구 = Realationship among Organizational Justice, Trust and Organizational Effectiveness

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 최근 주목을 받고 있는 신뢰의 선행변수와 결과변수 간의 관계를 실증연구하는 데 있다. 자료는 대전에 위치한 연구소의 526명의 종업원들로 부터 수집되었다. 실증연구의 결과, 절차공정성과 상호작용공정성은 조직신뢰에 유의적이고 중요한 예측인자로 나타났고 절차공정성이 분배공정성보다 조직신뢰에 더 크게 영향을 미쳤다. 그리고 분배공정성과 상호작용공정성은 상사신뢰에 유의적이고 중요한 예측인자로 나타났다. 하지만, 절차공정성은 상사신뢰에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 상호작용공정성은 분배공정성보다 상사신뢰에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 신뢰와 조직유효성간의 관련성 검증에서, 조직신뢰와 상사신뢰는 직무만족과 조직몰입에 유의적이고 정(+)적으로 관련되었다. 조직신뢰와 상사신뢰는 이직의도에 유의적이고 부(-)적인 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조직신뢰는 조직몰입에 상사신뢰보다 더 큰 영향을 미쳤으나 이직의도에는 상사신뢰보다는 적게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 조직공정성과 조직유효성간에 신뢰의 매개적 효과를 살펴보면, 상호작용공정성과 직무만족, 조직몰입 간의 관계에서 조직신뢰는 부분매개 역할을 하였고 상호작용공정성과 이직의도 간의 관계에서는 조직신뢰가 완전매개 역할을 하였다. 그리고 상호작용공정성과 직무만족 간의 관계에서는 상사신뢰는 부분매개 역할을 하였지만 상호작용공정성과 조직몰입, 이직의도간의 관계에서는 상사신뢰가 완전매개 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to review existing research evidence about trust and to explore the relationships among organizational justice, trust and organizational effectiveness. The data were collected from a random sample of 526 employees in research institutes located in Daejon City. Overall, results revealed that procedural justice and interactional justice were significant and important predictors of trust in organizations. Procedural justice was found to have a greater effect on trust in organizations than distributive justice. Distributive justice and interactional justices were found to be important predictors of trust in supervisor while procedural one was significantly negatively related to trust in supervisor. Also interactional justice was found to have a greater effect on trust in supervisor than distributive justice. The test of the relationship between trust and organizational effectiveness showed that trust in organization and trust in supervisor were significantly positively related to job satisfaction, organizational commitment and significantly negatively to turnover intention. Trust in organization was found to have a grater effect on organizational commitment but had less effect on turnover intention than trust in supervisor. The results revealed that trust in organization partially mediated the relationship between interactional justice and job satisfaction, organizational commitment and fully mediated the relationship between interactional justice and turnover intention. Also trust in supervisor partially mediated the relationship between interactional justice and job satisfaction while trust in supervisor fully mediated the relationship between interactional justice and organizational commitment, turnover intention. Finally, further discussion, limitation of this study and future direction were suggested.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 초 록
• Ⅰ. 머리글
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 및 연구가설
• Ⅲ. 연구모형
• Ⅳ. 실증연구의 방법 및 결과의 해석
• Ⅴ. 맺는 글
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이재훈, "협력의 선행변수와 결과변수에 대한 탐색적 연구" 19 (19): 157-182, 2001

2 김우택, "한국사회 신뢰와 불신의 구조" 소화 2002

3 김명언, "한국 기업조직에서 부하가 갖는 상사에 대한 신뢰와 불신의 기반" 2000

4 이재훈, "조기퇴직제도에 대한 공정성 요인탐색과 결과변수에 미치는 영향" 26 (26): 47-68, 2002

5 신유근, "인간존중의 경영" 다산출판사 1999

6 신동엽, "신뢰의 경영：신뢰기반 경영의 이론적 바탕과 실제 예들" 36 (36): 65-105, 1999

7 김호정, "신뢰와 조직몰입" 33 (33): 19-35, 1999

8 이관응, "신뢰경영과 서번트리더십" 엘테크 2002

9 허 진, "경영자 신뢰구축의 포인트" (640) : 2001.9

10 Porter, "and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology" -609, p.v.1974.organizationalcommitment

11 J.L, "and trust：From ideal types to plural forms Annual Review of Sociology" -118,

12 Morris, "Work organizations as contexts for trust and betrayal Citizen Espionage ：Studies in Trust and Betrayal" Greenwood Publishing Group -187, d.j.1994

13 Powell, "W.W. 1990. Neither market nor hierarchy：Network forms of organizations Research in Organizational Behavior" CT：JAI Press：295-336.

14 Cropanzano, R, "Using social exchange theory to distinguish procedural from interactional justice, Annual Meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology" Atlanta, GA 1999

15 Brockner, J, "Understanding the interaction between procedural and distributive justice：The role of trust" Sage. 391-413,

16 Doney, P.M, "Understanding the influence of national culture on the development of trust" 23 : 601-620, 1998

17 Liou, T.K, "Understanding employee commitment in the public organization ：A study of the juvenile detention center" 18 : 1269-1295, 1995

18 Hosmer, L.T, "Trust：The connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical et" 20 (20): 379-403, 1995

19 Fukuyama , F, "Trust：The Social Virtues and Creation of Prosperity" Free Press. 1995

20 Shaw, R.B, "Trust in the balance" San Francisco：Jossey-Bass Publishers 1997

21 Tyler, T.R, "Trust in organizational authorities：The influence of motive attributions on willingness to accept decisions" Thousand Oaks, CA：Sage 331-356, 1996

22 Misztal, B.A, "Trust in modern societies" Cambridge, Massachusetts：Polity Press 1996

23 Hagen, J.M, "Trust in japanese interfirm relations：Institutional sanctions Matter" 23 : 589-600, 1998

24 Kramer, R, "Trust in Organization" London：Sage 1996

25 "Trust as a mediator of the relationship between organizational justice and work outcomes：test of a social exchange model Journal of Organizational Behavior" -285,

26 Lewicki, R.J, "Trust and distrust：New relationships and realities" 23 (23): 438-458, 1996

27 Kramer, R.M, "Trust and distrust in organizations：Emerging perspectives, enduring question" 50 : 569-598, 1999

28 Webb, E.J, "Trust and crisis, Trust in Organizatio" London：Sage 288-301, 1996

29 Robinson, S.L, "Trust and breach of psychological contrast" 41 : 574-599, 1996

30 Tan & Tan, "Toward the differentiation of trust in supervisor and trust in organization" 126 (126): 241-260, 2000

31 Martin, C.L, "The role of justice judgements in explaining the relationship between job satisfaction and organization commitment" 21 (21): 84-104, 1996

32 Jones, G.R, "The experience and evolution of trust：implication for cooperation and teamwork" 23 : 531-546, 1998

33 Lind, "T.R. 1988. The social psychology of procedural justice. New York：Plenum Press."

34 T.A, "T.P. 1987. A path analysis of a model of the antecedents and consequences of organizational commitment. Human Relations" -470,

35 Becker, "T.E. 1992. Foci and bases of commitment：Are they distinction worth making Academy of Management Journal" -244,

36 Cook, "T. 1980. New work attitude measures of trust organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfillment. Journal of occupational psychology" -52,

37 M.A, "S.D. 1994. Citizenship behavior and social exchange. Academy of Management Journal" ko (ko): -669,

38 Mossholder, K.W, "Relationships between bases of power and work reactions：The mediational role of procedural justice" 24 : 533-552, 1998

39 Lagace, "R.R. 1991. An exploratory study of reciprocal trust between sales managers and salespersons. Journal of Personnel Selling and Sales Management 11" -58,

40 Kanter, "R.M. 1977. Men and Women of the Corporation. New York：Basic Book."

41 Steers, "R.M. 1977. Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly" -56,

42 Moorman, "R.H. 1991. Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior：Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship Journal of Applied Psychology" -855,

43 M.A, "R. 1991. Perceived fairness of employee drug testing as a predictor of employee attitudes and job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology" ko (ko): -707,

44 MacKenzie, "R. 1990. Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on follower's trust in leader" -142,

45 Wayne, S.J, "Perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange：A social exchange perspective" 40 (40): 82-111, 1997

46 McFarlin, "P.D. 1992. Distributive and procedural justice as predictors of satisfaction with personal and organizational outcomes. Academy of Management Journal" -637,

47 Moore, "P. 1987. The effects of interpersonal trust and prior commons problem experience on commons management. Journal of Social Psychology" -29,

48 Rhee, J, "Organizational justice in an employee participation program" 1996

49 Rousseau, D.M, "Not so different after all：A cross-discipline view of trust" 23 (23): 393-404, 1998

50 Whitener, E.M, "Managers as initiators of trust：an exchange relationship framework or understanding managerial trustworthy behavior" 23 (23): 525-530, 1998

51 Folger, "M.K. 1989. Effects of procedural and distributive justice on reactions to pay raise decisions. Academy of Management Journal" -130,

52 Barney, "M.H. 1994. Trustworthiness as a source of competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal" -190,

53 Mishra, "M.A. 1990. Trust in employee/employer relationships：A survey of west michigan managers. Public Personnel Management" 19：443-461.

54 Alexander, "M. 1987. The role of procedural and distributive justice in organizational behaviors. Social Justice Research" -198,

55 Deutsch, "M. 1962. Cooperation and trust：Some theoretical notes. In M.R. Jones Nebraska symposium on motivation：275-317."

56 "Lincoln：University of Nebraska Press.Diffee-Couch P. 1984. Building a feeling of trust in the company. Supervisory Trust" -31,

57 Zucker, "L. 1986. Production of Trust：Institutional Sources of Economic Structure Research in Organizational Behavior" -111,

58 Manz, "Jr. 1993. Business without bosses：How self-managing teams are building high-performance companies. New York：Wiley."

59 Driscoll, "J.W. 1978. Trust and participation in organizational decision making as predictors of satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal" -56,

60 Coleman, "J.S. 1992. Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge" Massachusetts：Harvard University Press.

61 Costigan, "J.J. 1988. A multi-dimensional study of trust in organizations. Journal of Managerial Issues" -317,

62 Sgro, "J.A. 1980. Perceived leader behavior as a function of leader's interpersonal trust orientation. Academy of Management Journal" -165,

63 Byham, "J. 1991. Empowered teams：Creating self- directed work groups that improve quality" and participation. San Francisco：Jossey-Bass.

64 Masterson, S.S, "Integrating justice and social exchange：The differing effects of fair procedures and treatment on work relationships" 43 : 738-748, 2000

65 McKnight, D.H, "Initial trust formation in new organizational relationships" 23 : 473-490, 1998

66 "Heenan. D.O. 1991. The right way to downsize. Journal of Business Stragegy" -7,

67 Leventhal, "G.S. 1980. What should be done with equity theory" Justice and social interaction：167- 218. New York：Springer-Verlag.

68 Pearce, "G. 1994. Person-based reward systems：a theory of organizational reward practices in reform-communist organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior" -282,

69 Hawthorn, "G. 1988. Three ironies in trust. in D. Gambetta" MA：Basil Blackwell：111- 126.

70 Pillai, R, "Fairness perceptions and trust as mediators for trasformational and transactional leadership：A two- sample study" 25 : 897-933, 1999

71 Sonnenburg, "F.K. 1994. Managing with a conscience. New York：McGraw-Hill."

72 Lorenz, "E.H. 1988. Neither friends nor strangers：Informal networks of subcontracting in french industry. Diego Gambetta" Massachusetts：Basil Blackwell：194-210.

73 Zaheer, A, "Does trust matter? Exploring the effects interorganizational and interpersonal trust on performance" 9 : 141-159, 1998

74 Gulati, "Does familiarity breed trust? The implications of repeated ties for contractual choice in alliances" 38 : 85-112, 1995

75 Fields, D, "Distributive and procedural justice as predictors of employee outcomes in Hong Kong" 21 : 547-562, 2000

76 Mathieu, "D.M. 1990. A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents and consequences of organizational commitment" -194,

77 Baron, "D.A. 1986. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" -1182,

78 Price, "C.W. 1986. Handbook of Organizational Measurement" Pitman Publishing Inc.

79 Smith, "C.L. 1969. The measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement"

80 Hamel, "C.K. 1994. Competing for the future. Boston" Massachusetts：Harvard Business School Press.

81 Sabel, "C.F. 1994. Learning by monitoring：The institutions of economic development . The handbook of economic sociology" NJ：Princeton University Press.

82 Korsgaard, M.A, "Building commitment, attachment, and trust in strategic decision-making teams：The role of procedural justice" 38 : 60-84, 1995

83 Das, T.K, "Between trust and control：Developing confidence in partner cooperation in alliances" 23 : 491-512, 1998

84 Elangovan, A.R, "Betrayal of trust in organizations" 23 : 547-566, 1998

85 Barber, "B. 1983. The Logic and Limits of Trust. New Brunswick" NJ：Rutgers University Press.

86 Buchanan, "B. 1974. Building organizational commitment：The socialization of managers in work organization. Administrative Science Quarterly" 19：533.

87 Mayer, R.C.,, "An integrative model of organizational trust" 20 : 709-734, 1995

88 Ring, "A. 1994. Developmental process of cooperative interoganizational relationship. Academy of Management Review" 19：90-118.

89 Fox, "A. 1974. Beyond Contract：Work"

90 Robinson, S.L, "1995. Psychological contracts and OCB：the effect of unfulfilled obligations on civic virtue behavior" 16 : 289-298, 1995