과학적 관찰의 의미와 탐구과정에서 학생들의 관찰 행동 분석 = The Meaning of Scientific Observation and an Analysis of Students Observational Activity

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Observation is one of the important aspects in science and science education. However, observation has so many varieties that the purpose and the meaning of scientific observations used in science education are different in persons, contexts, and subjects. In this study, we tried to understand the natures of scientific observation and investigated students` observational activities using four observation tasks: candle, double pendulum, iron filings around bar magnet, two electric bulbs connected in series. We required the subjects to observe the given tasks and described what did they observe. Based on students` observational descriptions, students` observational activities could be classified in four categories : primitive, interpretive, operational, and interfered observation. Also, we could find that some of the descriptions were non-observational activities such as predicting and questioning and so on. Finally, implications for the teaching of observation in science education are suggested.