전통 놀이의 유아교육현장 적용을 위한 연구 = An Application of Korean Traditional Group Games to Early Childhood Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Play has an important value for the developmental growth and education. Various types of play activties were wiidely used in the field of early childhood education. Especially, play activities that include educational and cultural values need to be accepted in early education. Previous studies suggested that traditional group games represent the value for the educational activities as well as Korean culture. The purpose of this study was to explore the unique educational value of the three traditional group games, that is Yut Play, Hit the Tombstone, and Kite Flying ; and find out developmental play behaviors of traditional group games by ages ; and finally suggest the adequate provisioning in edeucational activities. In order words, the following research purposes were addressed in this study. 1. Explore the unique value of traditional group games as educational activities. 2. Find out developmental play behaviors of traditional group games(Yut Play, Hit the Tombstone, and Kite Flying) 3. Suggest an implication of traditional group games that suit to the developmental level for children. Literature review was done for the first research question, and observational study was conducted during play for the second question. And finally based on the findings of questions one and two, activities, ideas and techniques for various educational activities were suggested. The subject of the study were 80 boys and girls from Seoul. Twenty boys and twenty girls (7 years old) who were attending elementary school were selected for the question two. To collect the data, children were observed and video-taped while they were playing three traditional group games. To find out their attitudes and behaviors toward the games, interview methods were also employed. The data analyses were done by percentage, mean score, and X^2 test. The results of the present study were as follows : 1. Educational value of the three traditional group games - While reviewing the origin and history of traditional group game, the proper type of game for early years were found, and it was obvious each game emphasize different educational value. For instance, Yut play provides logico-mathematical knowledge and promote language development. Hit the Tombstone and Kite flying provide opportunities to learn physical knowledge and to control physical ability. 2. Behaviors of traditional group games with ages 1) There was no significant difference between age and the experience of playing Yut games, but around 50% of children had previous experience of playing Yut game. With age increase, children had more correct conception of four wooden sticks, marker, and Yut-board. Fifty percent of seven-year-olds could properly name according to the ways the four stick landed on the board. The younger children considered marker as his own possession and showed less interest to the others` markers. The correct way of matching the number of spaces on the board to numerical designation of the four wooden sticks were increased with age. Children showed more Cooperation in their play at the age of six or seven. 2) the traditional group games, Hit the Tombstone was not a familiar game with all the children. The younger children hesitated playing the game at first, and did not throw the stone toward the target. However the older children tried to hit the targets as an object. The more they tried to hit the target, there were higher rate of success, but the distance made the difference. The distance around 1.0-1.5 meters were effective to the young children, Ways of moving the Tombstone changed from simple to complex, and cooperative play was frequently occurred among older age group of children. 3) children had no previous experience of Kite flying and were not familiar with the way of Flying Kites. The young children mood holding the string or ran after the kite while the older children tried to control the string. With the practice, all six and seven year olds children could un