피아노 연주시 부정적인 긴장의 해소에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Relief of Improper Tension in Piano Performing

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Tension -physical and mental- is of course part of the human condition. Especially performing in front of audience produces stress, greater or less, on the part of players whether the player is the maestro or young student. Since music is an art in time, which cannot be corrected once it is produced, the player is always under stress and pressure with anxiety about what might be happen during the performance. Especially, pianists who play from memory feel a great stress and pressure, sometimes even a stage-fear. These stress and pressure give rises to mental and physical tensions. If the tension reaches to a serious point, it causes physical problem so called muscular problem.
The physical problem will prevent the player from expressing his/her thoughts freely. Therefore, it will influence badly on physical relaxation and control. Consequently this will result in failure of performance unless the player removes these improper tensions and physical problem. Tensions, however, does not always have negative effects on playing. It enhances creativity and brings enthusiasm to the performance. Proper tensions are essential parts of succesful performance.
The purpose of this paper is to research for some ways to avoid the negative effects of conflicting tensions in the way to transform them into creative tensions. Followings are suggestions on how to relieve and eliminate improper tensions.
a) self-confidence and sense of achievement which come from thorough study and perfect memory of the work is the best way to get rid of fear and anxiety.
b) Since tension, especially bodily tension, has an effect on breathing, the player needs to give attention to breathing in daily life in preparation for proper breathing whether in practice or in performance.
c) The Player should be able to use his whole body properly; his head, neck, back, shoulders, arms and fingers.
d) The relief of tension comes when the player's body movement is in accord with the musical movement.
e) The player, by producing tension and removing it consciously, can overcome fear and anxiety and even transform them into creative force.
f) Food control -take food which contains vitamin B, C and minerals, and avoid indigestion food or caffeine.