원각시10층석탑 16불회도의 도상특징 -한성의 조선초기 조각- = The Iconographic features of the Sixteen Buddha`s Meetings sculptured on the ten-storied stone pagoda of Wongaksa Temple -The sculpture of Hanseong in the early Joseon period-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis deals with the iconographic features, stylistic features and the significance of the Sixteen Buddha`s Meetings sculptured on the surface of the Ten-storied Stone Pagoda of Wongaksa Temple site in Seoul. The first example of the Buddha`s Meeting scenes, an illustration of Buddhist sutras, sculptured on the surface of a Buddhist pagoda can be found on the Hyun-hwa-sa Temple of Goryeo. The sculpture of the theme reached its zenith in the pagoda from the Gyeongcheonsa Temple site and that in the Wongaksa Temple site. The Buddha`s Meetings sculptured on the surface of the Pagoda of Wongaksa Temple site has so far been known to represent Twelve or Thirteen Buddha`s Meetings, but the scenes represented on all four sides on the fourth story should also be regarded as Buddha` Meetings, so it would be proper to consider that the pagoda represents the Sixteen Buddha`s Meetings. In this these, a discussion was also made on the scene represented on the southern side on the first story as depicting not the Three Tathagatas` Meeting(三世佛會) but the Three Bodies and Three Tathagatas` Meeting(三身三世佛會). The scene on the southern side on the second story so far known as representing the Avatamsaka Meeting(華嚴會) should also be accepted as that of the Lotus Sutra(法華經見寶塔會) considering the two seated Buddhas. Any way, each of the Buddha`s Meetings is a comprehensive integration of various Buddhist sutras, each of which is a concentration of Mahayana Buddhism. It is an important material in understanding the history of Buddhism during the reign of King Sejo who unified each of the Buddhist religious sects. It is also judged as carrying a significant meaning in that it`s the completion of the iconography of the Mahayana Buddhism. Moreover, the sculpture is part of the stone pagoda which was constructed on the occasion of Buddha`s birthday on April 8th, 1468 on the lunar calendar in the 13th year of King Sejo. Due to the clear date of its construction, its significance should be emphasized in in the study of Buddhist sculpture in the Joseon period. The iconographic and stylistic features of the sculpture on the surface of the Ten-storied Stone Pagoda in Wongaksa Temple site and its historical significance should be valued as a monumental achievement in the history of Buddhist arts during the Joseon period.