한국교회사의 관점에서 본 한국 교회와 정치 참여

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Korean Church was unconcerned about political participation in terms of the separation between church and politics from 1879 which the christianity was accepted to 1960`s. In the last period of 19th century Christians had practised the patriotic and loyal movement. But after the Presbyterian Counril decided the principle of the separation between politics and church in 1901, Korean Church didn`t almost participate in the political act. Nevertheless, Korean Church and Christians struggled with the Japanese political power in the March First Mansei Movement and Japanese Shinto Shrine. After Liberation from the Japan, in the North Korea for a short time, Christians resisted the Communist Government through the organization of the political parties and the strict observance of the Sunday. But in general, until now, the conservative Korean Church has been indifferent with the political problem from the principle of the separation between the politics and church. On the contrary, the progressive church founded the Minjung Theology and resisted against the dictatorial government for the democratization of korean society and the progress of human rights from 1970`s. Even through the political activities through Minjung theology contributed the democratization of korean society and the progress of human rights, these activities don`t seem to be practiced with the right biblical principle. Therefore, in order to form the right reformed political ethics, we must recognize the distinction of sphere sovereignty between church and politics as the principle which the reformed theologians such as Zwingli, Calvin, and Kuyper had established and try hard to realize the God`s sovereignty in the both spheres. In the situation in which the advanced political culture is very much required, if the development of the politicalculture will be achieved through the development of the people`s onsciousness, the Korean Church must decide and act in order to realize the task. Though the church as a spiritual organization don`t participate in the politics directly, she must give christians the guideline for the right political ethic and criticize the politics as a prophet when it will be diverted from the Bible`s principle. The Christians as members of the people must participate in the political realities positively arming with the healthy political ethic on the basis of the Bible. They must fulfill the christian viewpoint of value In the political activities and strive for the conquest of the injustice and corruption and corrupt election and regional sentiment, the establishment of the life ethic and the practice of the environmental movement, and the reform of the unreasonable social institutes in the cooperation with NGO.