학교 문학교육의 새로운 방향 : 구성주의적 학습자 중심 문학교육의 원리와 방법 = A Study on the Principle and Method of Learner-Centered Literature Education Based-on the Constructivism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is on the principle and method of constructivist leaner-centered literature education, on the basis of Literaturewissenschaft and constructivist psychology. The Literaturewissenschaft was born in Germany in the mid 1980`s and introduced in Korea in the mid 1990`s. The constructivist psychology became the basic theory of education on the whole scale. The basic direction of constructivist literature education depends on Literaturewissenschaft hypothesis that the reader `recognizes` the text, constructs `Kommunikat` and `constructs` the meaning through the process of communication among social members. So the essence of constructivist learner-centered literature education lies on the lerner`s learning. What to learn and how to learn are decided within the range of Literaturewissenschaft. And the general principle and method rely on constructivism, which was the basic theory of Literaturewissenschaft and the present teaching-learning theoretical root. Therefore. the practice of constructivist learner-centered literature education should focus on the knowledgable constructivism. pursuing `how` not the objective viewpoint of knowledge, pursuing `what` and `how`. And then the viewpoint of knowledge is changed. the procedure and method necessary for the understanding and appreciation of the literary works is learned. And the cognitive model able to understand and appreciate the literary works is constructed, accordingly the viewpoint of learning, teaching and evaluation is changed by turns like domino game. The procedure and method of teaching-learning is made as two steps: 1)the individual learner`s cognitive process of the text: the modeling step. which shows the concrete individual strategy of the text processing by teachers, the scaffolding step, which enables learners to follow the modeling and the fading step, which reduces the teacher`s assistance for the learner to solve the problem themselves. 2)the process of communication that uses the cooperative learning as the essential tool of constructivism makes members of society produce the socially acknowledged meaning through Kommunikat created by the individual learner`s cognitive process.