농촌과 도시 노인의 자아존중감, 생활 만족도, 건강상태간의 관계연구 = A Study on the Relationship between Level of Self-Esteem, Life Satisfaction and Health Status of Rural and Urban Elderlypeople

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 생의 마지막 단계에 있는 노인을 대상으로 자아 존중감, 생활 만족도, 건강 상태간의 관게를 파악하여 농촌노인과 도시 노인을 비교 분석하고 사회적 지지와 자존감 유지가 노인의 삶에 얼마나 중요한지를 밝히고자 한다. 연구 대상은 농업을 주업으로 하는 노인 105명과 도시에서 거주하는 65세 이상의 남녀 노인 103명을 대상으로 하였으며, 연구 방법은 구조화된 설문지를 이용한 개인 면담법을 통하여 자료를 수집하였고, 수집된 자료는 S.A.S 전산체제로 처리하였으며 그 결과 농촌 노인과 도시 노인의 자아 존중감, 생활 만족도는 농촌 노인에 비하여 도시 노인이 높게 나타났고, 신체적 건강 상태는 통계적으로 도시 노인이 농촌 노인에 비해서 높게 나타났으나, 심리적 건강상태는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 농촌 노인과 도시 노인의 자아 존중감, 생활 만족도, 건강 상태의 상관 관계는, 농촌 노인의 자아 존중감과 생활 만족도, 자아 존중감과 건강상태는 유의 수준(p<0.001)에서 정적 상관 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 생활 만족도와 건강 상태는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 도시 노인의 자아 존중감과 생활 만족도, 건강 상태와 자아 존중감, 생활 만족도와 건강 상태는 정적 상관 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As recent economic and medical development has led to increasing in population and life-expectancy, getting older of elderly peoples in Korea becomes a social problem. As the elderly people lose his own phycal psychological environmental control, the elderly people experiences "powerlessmess" and "loss" provided by rapid industrial growth, urbanization and conspicuous trend toward nuclear families . Those "powerlessmess" and "loss" sensation, in turn, decrease self-esteem and life satisfaction and futher aggravate physical and/or psychological heath status.
Therefore the purpose of this study is to provide a basic elderly psychology by revealing the relationship between level of self-esteem, life satisfaction and health status of rural and urban elderly people.
The subjects of this study are composed of 208 elderly peoples : rural (105 persons) and urban(103 persons) elderly peoples who are over 65 of age and living in Sanyangmyun Munkyung-kun of Kyungbuk and Samsung-dong of Seoul respectively.
This study was done from 1994. 8, 25 to 1994.9. 20 by four trained assistances.
The measurement scales were used as the questionires devised by Rosenberg's self-esteem scale for measurement of level of self-esteem, Yun's life satisfaction scale for measurement of life satisfactions and Choi's heath status scale(17 questionires of physical health status, 20 questionires of psycholocal health status) for measurement of health status.
The collected data were analized by S.A.S computer system. T-test, F-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient were applied for analysis.
The results of this study were as follows;
1. Level of self-esteem of rural and urban elderly people : Statistically significant differences were found between rural(mean score 2.823) and urban(mean score 3.216) elderly people (p = 0.000).
2. Life satisfaction of rural and urban elderly people Statistically significant differences were found between rural(mean score 1.901) and urban(mean score 1.978) elderly people(p = 0.030).
3. Physical and psychological health status of rural and urban elderly people : Statistically significant differences were found between rural (mean score 4.542) and urban(mean score 4.623) elderly people in physical health status(p= 0.039) .
Statistically no significant differences were found between rural (mean score 4.555) and urban(mean score 4.511) elderly people in psychological healt status(p=0.387).
4. The relationship between level of self-esteem, life satisfaction and health status of rural and urban elderly people : Statistically significant(p(0.001) static relationships were found between level of self-esteem and liff satisfaction (r = 0.320) and betweef level of self-esteem and health status(r=0.640), but no significant relationship between life satisfaction and health status in rural elderly people.
On the other hand there were statistical significant(p(0.001) relationships between level of self-esteem and life satisfaction(r=0.442), between level of self-esteem and health status(r=0.468) , and between life satisfaction and health status(0.365) in urban elderly people.
5. General individual level of self-esteem of rural and urban elderly people : In rural elderly people there were statistical signiflcantce between level of self-esteem and sex(p=0.001), religion(p= 0.000) , health status(p= 0.000), spending money(p= 0.007), but statistical insignificance between level of self-esteem and age(p= 0.336), education(p=0 182).
On the other hand In urban elderly people there were statistical significance between level of self-esteem and religion(p= 0.006), spending money(p=0.019), but statistical insignificance between level of self-esteem and sex(p = 0.063) age(p= 0.505), education(p=0.164), health status(p =0.210) .
6. General individual) life satisfaction of rural and urban elderly people : In rural elderly people there were statistical significantce between life satisfaction and education(p=0.080), health status(p=0.009), spending money(p=0.045), but statistical insignificance between life satisfaction and sex(p=0.139), age(p=0.238).religion(p = 0.783).
On the other hand In urban elderly people there were statistical significance between level of life satisfaction and sex(p=0.010), religion(p=0.010), spending money(p=0.004), but statistical insignificance between life satisfaction and age(p=0.072), education(p=0.924), health status(p=0.288). 7. General individual health status of rural and urban elderly people : In physical health status of rural elderly people, there were statistical significance between physical health status and age(p=0.005), education(p= 0.001), health status(p= 0.000) , but no statistical significance between physical health status and religion(p= 0.589) , spending money(p=0.137).
In psychological health status of rural elderly people, there were statistical significance between psychological health status and sex(p= 0.001), age(p= 0.004) , education(p=0.001), health status(p=0.000), spending money(p=0.001), but no statistical signifcance between psychological health status and religion(p= 0.233).
On the other hand In phsical health status of urban elderly people, there were statistical significance between phsical health status and age(p=0.000), relision(p=0.Off), education(p=0.000), health status(p=0.000), spending money(p=0.000), but no statistical signifcance between phsical health status and sex (p = 0.172) .
In psychological health status of urban elderly people, there were statistical significance between level of psychological health status and age(p=0.011), religion(0.002) . education(0.000) health status(0.000) spending money(0.000) , but no statistical between psychological health status and sex(p = 0.194) .
In conclusion the level of self-esteem, life satisfaction and heath status of rural elderly person were lower than those of urban elderly person.
The relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction and the relationship between self-esteem and heath status of rural elderly person. Statistically significant static relationships were found between level of self-esteem and life satisfaction and between level of self-esteem and health status, but no significant relationship between life satisfaction and health status in rural elderly people. On the other hand there were statistical significant relationships between level of self-esteem and life satisfaction, between level of self-esteem and health status, and between life satisfaction and health status in urban elderly people

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• 1. 연구 대상
• 2. 도구
• 3. 연구 절차
• 4. 자료 처리 및 분석 방법
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 해석
• 1. 일반적 특성
• 2. 자아 존중감
• 3. 생활 만족도
• 4. 건강 상태
• 5. 농촌 노인과 도시 노인의 자아 존중감, 생활 만족도, 건강 상태의 상관 관계
• 6. 일반적 특성별 농촌 노인과 도시 노인의 자아 존중감
• 7. 일반적 특성별 농촌 노인과 도시 노인의 생활 만족도
• 8. 일반적 특성별 농촌 노인과 도시 노인의 건강 상태
• Ⅴ. 논의
• Ⅵ. 결론