임상간호사의 업무스트레스에 관한 논문 분석 = Analysis of Studies on Work Stress in Clinical Nurses

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Purposes of this Study were 1) to identify patterns and trends of studies on work stress among clinical nurses, and 2) to suggest the direction of future research.
Research studies on work stress were selected from the Korean Nurses' Academic Society Journal, the Korean Nurse, the Central Journal of Medicine, the New Medical Journal, Journal of medical and nursing schools, and thesis, which had been conducted from 1979 to 1995. The total number of the collected studies were 55.
These studies were analyzed for (1) time of publication (2) type of research (3) terms for work stress (4) research design (5) development of theoretical framework, hypothesis, conceptual and operational definition (6) subjects (7) sampling method (8) measurement tool and test of reliability (9) data collection method (10) work-related stressor (11) related variables (12) suggestions for further studies.
The findings of the analysis were been as follows:
1) The number of studies on work stress has been increased rapidly since 1980's.
2) 23 research studies were done for a thesis for a degree and 22 were nondegree research studies.
3) In research design, 94.5% were non-experimental designs.
4) In subject, 60.0% were nurses working at general nursing unit and 29.2% were nurses working at special nursing unit (: ICU, ER, OR, Psychiatric unit).
5) In the sampling method, 96.4% were non-random sampling.
6) In mesurement tool, instruments developed by author were used in 19 studies(34.5%). and Work Stress Scale by Kim & Ku(1984) was used in 11 studies(20%).
7) In data collecting method, questionnaire was used in 53 studies(96.4%).
8) In work-related stressors of clinical nurses, the number of factors by factor analysis was from 7 to 17 in 5 studies.
9) Independent variables studies were general characteristics, perception about nursing, personality, social support, coping method, and knowledge of stress management. Dependent variables studied were burnout, job satisfaction, health status, morale, and task performance.
On the base of the findings following recommendations were made :
1) Experimental study should be done to prove the effect of stress intervention.
2) Data should be collected by various method to obtain valid data.
3) Comparative study is needed to identity the relationship between nursing specialty and stress level under the control of personal variables and hospital characteristics.
4) Correlational study is needed to identity the relationship between stress and dependent variables and the effect of coping and social support as mediating variables.