이완술이 혈액투석 환자의 스트레스와 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 = The Effect of Relaxation Technique on Stress and Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Hemodialysis patients have chronic stress related to chronic renal failure and maintenance hemodialysis. And their quality of life has been declined because of dependency of hemodialysis machine, heavy economical burden, and social isolation.
This study has been done for the purpose of testing the effect of relaxation technique on the stress and the quality of life of hemodialysis patients, and showing the difference of the effect between live relaxation technique and taped relaxation technique.
Nonequivalent control group pre-post test research was designed. Seventy-two hemodialysis patients who received hemodialysis regularly in hemodialysis units of an attached D medical Center to K University and Y Medical Center have been studied. Of them twenty-seven were experimental group I(live relaxation technique group), Twenty-six were experimental group II(taped relaxation technique group) and nineteen were control group(quiet time group) and nineteen were control group(quiet time group). This study has been measurement and questionnaires from January 24 to February 17, 1989.
The instruments used for this study were Psychological Stress Scale of Hemodialysis Patients developed by the researcher, Crosby's Visual Analogue Stress Scale, Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale and Rho's Quality of Life Scale as dependent variables, and Wallston's Health Locus of Control Scale and Spielberger, Gorsuch and Lushenes' Trait Anxiety Inventory as intervening variables.
Relaxation Technique, designed to used hemodialysis patients adequately, was developed from review of references by the researchers.
Analysis of data done by of x²-test, paired t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Product- moment correlation coefficient and sheffe test.
The results of this study are summarized as follows :
Hypothesis 1 that the hemodialysis patients who use relaxation technique will have less degree of stress than the hemolysis patients who don't use relaxation technique is devided into two subhypotheses.
a. The first sub-hypothesis that hemodialysis patients who use relaxation technique will have less degree of physiological stress than the hemodialysis Patients who don't use relaxation technique is partly supported.
Pulse is supported(F=6.52, p<.05), Systolic blood pressure is not supported(F=2.09, p>.05). Diastolic blood pressure is not supported, on the contrary, the control group showed decreased diastolic blood pressure than the relaxation group (F=3.40, P<.05). Serum cortisol level is not supported (F=1.06, p>.05). Diastolic blood pressure is not supported on the contrary, the control group showed decreased diastolic blood pressure than the relaxation group (F=3.40, p<.05).
b. The second sub-hypothesis that the hemodialysis patients who use relaxation technique will have less degree of psychological than the hemodialysis patients who don't use relaxation technique is totally supported. Psychological stress score, visual analogue stress score, and depression score, visual analogue stress score, and depression score are supported (F=3.64, p>.05, F=3.89, p<.05, F=4.16, p<.05).
Hypothesis 2 that the hemodialysis patients who use relaxation technique will have higher quality of life score than the hemodialysis patients who don't use relaxation technique is supported(F=11.24, p<.001).
Hypothesis 3 that there will be difference of degree of stress between live relaxation technique group and taped relaxation technique group is not supported(by Scheffe test).
Hypothesis 4 that there will be difference of quality of life between live relaxation technique group and taped relaxation technique group is not supported(by Scheffe test).
In summary, in case of the hemodialysis patients who use relaxation technique were decreased psychological stress and increased quality of life. So the researcher thinks that it is necessary that nurses should provide hemodialysis patients with relaxation technique to reduce stress and to increase quality of life. And there was no significant difference of the effect between live relaxation technique and taped relaxation technique, so nurses can select and use adequate relaxation technique of two methods at need.