태권도 경기중 발차기 기술의 공격유형 및 득점부위별 고찰 = A Study on the Attacking Pattern and Attacking Section between each Kicking Techniques in Taekwondo Game

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The following was concluded as a result of analysis based on taekwondo games(Total 56 games, 112 athletes) outstanding athletes of colleges parts participated in 1993.
The purpose of this study is to examine the result of kicking techniques in the attack first and counter attack in each kicking techniques and the kicking on each body section.
1. The result of each kicking techniques.
1) The total frequency of kicking techniques was 3,478 times, Average frequency per game was 62.11 times in 56 games. And the frequency of kicking technique was as below : Front turning kick : 2,636 times.
Back kick : 360 times
Hook kick : 297 times
Front whipping : 121 times
Back whipping : 64 times
In the frequency of each kicking techniques were more than other study.
2) The total point of each kicking techniques was 444, Average point per game was 7. 93. The point by each kicking technique was as below:
Front turning kick :258 points
Back kick : 360 times
Hook kick: 61 points
Front whipping: 13 points
Back whipping: 6 points
The results had twice(7.93 points) as much as other studies.
3) The scoring rate of each kicking techniques.
The scoring rate of all the kicking technique was 12.76, the rate in each kicking technique was as below:
Back kick:29.44
Hook kick:20.53
Frint whipping kick:1074
Front turning kick:9.78
Back whipping kick:9.37
The scoring rate in other studies showed highly in the Back kick, Hook kick,
Front whipping kick but the scoring rate in this study showed highly in the Back kick Hook kick, Front whipping kick.
2. The result of the attack first in each kicking technique.
1) The frequency of the attack first in each kicking technique.
total frequency of the attack first in each kicking technique was 1.905 times, the average frequency per game was 34.01 times and the everage frequency per game of each kicking technique was as below:
Front turning kick: 28.88 times
Hook kick:3.5 times
Back kick:1.67 times
front whipping kick:0.33 times
Back whipping kick:0.21 times
The frequency of the attack first(1.905 times) was 54.8% of frequency of all kicking technique.
2) The point gained by the attack first in each kicking technique.
Total point gained by the attack first in each kicking technique was 188 points and points of each kicking technique was as below:
(1) Front turning kick:134 points
(2) Hook kick: 42 points
(3) Back kick: 10 points
(4) Back whipping kick: 2 points
The point of Front wipping kick was almost nothing. Average point per game of the attack first in all kicking techniques was 3.35 points.
3) The scoring rate of the attack first in each kicking technique
The scoring tate of the attack first in each kicking technique was as below:
(1) Hook kick:21.43
(2) Back whipping kick:16.67
(3) Back kick:10.46
(4) Front turning kick:8.45
Front turning kick was high in the frequency but the scoring rate was relatively low and the scoring rate of Hook kick and Back whipping kick was fairly high. Accordingly, we concluded that the difficult techniques got many point.
3. The result of the counter attack in each kicking technique.
1) The frequency of the counter attack in each kicking technique.
total frequency of the counter attack in each kicking technique was 1,573 times, the average frequency per game was 28.08 times and frequency of the counter attack in each kicking technique was as below:
(1) Front turning kick:1.573 times
(2) Back kick:266 times
(3) Front whipping kick:102 times
(4) Hook kick:101 times
(5) Back whipping kick:52 times
The frequency of the counter attack(1.573 times) was 45.2% of frequency of all kicking technique(3.478 times).
2) The point gained by the counter attack in each kicking technique.
Total point gained by the counter attack in each kicking technique was 256 points and points of each kicking technique was as below:
(1) Front turning kick:124 points
(2) Back kick:96 points
(3) Hook kick:19 points
(4) Front whipping kick:4 points
The point of the counter attack showed by Front turning kick and Back kick.
Average point per game of the counter attact of kicking technique was 4.57 points.
3) The scoring rate of the counter attack in each kicking technique
The scoring tate of the counter attack in each kicking technique was as below;
(1) Back kick:36.09
(2) Hook kick:18.81
(3) Front whipping kick: 12.75
(4) Front turning kick:11.79
(5) Back whipping:7.69
Only, the scoring rate of Hook kick in the counter attack was low, but the scoring rate of other kicking techniques in the counter attack showed fairly high.
4. Comoarative Analysis between the attack first and the counter attack
The frequency of the attack first(1,905 times) in total kicking technique was more than that of counter attack(1,573 times) but the point of the attack first (188 points) was lower than that of the counter attack(256 points). Thus, the scoring rate of the counter attack(16.27) was higher than that of the attack first(9.87).
The preceding study reported that all the kicking techniques were many used for counter attack but this study showed that Front turning kick and Hook kick were many used for the attack first, and that the players depended on the counter attack, for the counter attack was bettwe than the attack first in gaining points.
5. The result of kicking technique on each body section.
The players can attack the face (high section) by all kicking techniques but the frequency of attacking the face was 731 times(21.02), that of attacking the body(middle section) was 2,747 times(78.98) of total frequency(3.478 times). Therefore, It showed that the players depended on body attack.
The frequency of each kicking technique attacking the face(731 times) was as be-iow:
(1) Hook kick: 196 times
(2) Front turning kick:135 times
(3) Front whipping kick:19 times
(4) Back whipping kick:12 times
(5) Back kick:7 times
Total frequency of kicking technique attacking the body was 2,747 times, Front turning kick was 2,419 times and back was 328 times.
Total point of all the games was 444 and the point gained by attacking the face was 110(24.77 of 100), the body was 334 (75.23 of 100)
Total point gainde by attacking the face(110 points) in each kicking technique was as below:
(1) Hook kick:61 points
(2) Front turning kick:24 points
(3) Front whipping kick:13 points
(4) Back kick:6 points
(5) Back whipping kick:6 points
The point gained by attacking the body(middle section) was as Front turning kick:234 points, Back kick:100 points.
Consequently, we concluded that attacking the body was the most effective in gaining points.