한국판 걸음마기 기질평가척도 개발 = Development of the Korean Form of Toddler Temperament Scale(TTS)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Temperament is the unique behavioral style of individual and can be measured by parent rating questionnaire. Toddler Temperament Scale(TTS) is a reliable and valid instrument standardized in America.
This study carried three major purposes. The first was to develop the Korean form of Toddler Temperament Scale. The second was to explore the temperamental characteristics of the Korean toddlers. The third was to search for the possible correlation of toddler temperament and behavioral problems of preschool children.
TTS was translated by authors and distributed to mothers of kindergarten children in Seoul. The toddler temperament was assessed retrospectively. The predictive validity was tested by contemporaneous behavioral assessment using YCl(Yale Child Inventory), CPRS (Conners Parent Rating Scale) and PRF(Parent Rating Form) for DSM-III-R.
The results were as follows ;
Two-month test-retest reliability, item-category correlations and internal consistency of the Korean form of TTS were generally satisfactory. The correlations of TTS categories and preschool behavioral assessments were significant in many subscales and total scores of Yd. CPRS and PRF for DSM-III-R. Predictive validity of TTS is satisfactory. Vari-max rotated factor analysis yielded 4 factors. Gender difference and birth order difference were found in some categories. Korean boys are more active and less distractive than girls. First-born children are more sensitive to sensory stimuli than later-borns. Korean toddlers are somewhat more adaptable to environmental change, sensitive to sensory stimuli and more persistent compared with standardization sample of Fullard.
These results indicate that firstly, the Korean form of the TTS is a reliable and valid instrument to assess the multidimensional temperamental characteristics of the Korean toddlers. Secondly, the Korean toddlers are temperamentaly different from those of other cultures in several categories. Thirdly, toddler temperament is one of the principal predictors of preschool children's behavioral problem.
Authors suggest that future research should be directed to get more normative data using prospective method and various populations including clinic population.