外國人 直接投資의 決定要因 變化와 經濟的 效果에 관한 硏究 = A Study on the Change of Determinants of Inward Foreign Direct Investment and the Impact on Korean Economy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Unlike portfolio investment, which is a pure transfer of capital, inward foreign direct investment is the transfer of a bundle of factor services that represent in their totality an extension of a business enterprise across national boundaries. Until 1962, there was neither inflow of foreign direct investment into Korea nor outflow of foreign direct investment by Korean firms. Inward foreign direct investment from its inception in 1962 steadily rose until 1980, rapidly increased from 1981 to 1987, and then gradually declined from 1987 on. As of June 1993, the total number of inward foreign direct projects into Korea had reached 4.029, amounting to us $ 10,604 million in approved value.
Perhaps the most striking feature of the changing pattern of inward direct investment over the last ten years or so has been a diversification of its country of origin. Changes have also occurred in the industrial composition of the inward direct investment into regions.
This article reviews some of the issues directed towards the determinants of inward foreign direct investment and considers its impact on host country economic goals. The primary objective of the study was to identify the determinants of inward direct investment by foreign firms and to describe the types in terms of underlying motivations. The second objective was to formulate the competitive advantage model for explaining and analysing the inward direct investment in view of the international competitiveness.
The second part of the article presents the overall picture of inward foreign direct investment into Korea. Finally, this study briefly sketches the formation process of international competitiveness and relates it to the changing pattern of inward direct investment and economic impact to Korea.
This study argues that the determinants and impact of inward direct investment can be usefully explained in view of competitive advantage. Put another words, inward and outward foreign direct investment will affect the national competitiveness. Also they will improve the competitive advantage of host and /or home countries.