정신과 병동 간호사의 환자와의 의사소통 경험 = Communication Experiences between Psychiatric Nurses and Patients

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to report, describe and analyze positive or negative communication in the psychiatric ward from the perspective of a nurse and to propose a clinically effective way of communication. The subjects were 28 nurses working in a psychiatric ward in Guri H University Hospital. The materials were collected from September 1 to October 15, 2002. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to describe the most difficult or hardest experience or the most comfortable communication experience freely. The collected materials were analyzed using Van Kaam`s method. Results of the study are as follows. 1. The subject of communication and situations were divided into two cases-good communication and bad communication. Under the good communication, there were sub-categories such as patients with established relationship (35%), patient`s voluntary will (23%), nurses` moods or atmospheric conditions (17.5%), patients` mood and conditions (10%) and positive reactions to nurses (9.2%). Under the bad communications, there were sub-categories such as patients with difficulties in relationship composition (33.8%), negative reactions to nurses (31.7%), patients` mood and conditions (15.5%), lack of patients` voluntary will (14.8%) and nurses` moods or atmospheric conditions(4.2%). 2. The subject of easiness of communication and patient types were divided into two cases-good communication and bad communication. Under the good communication, there were sub-categories such as cooperative patients (32.4%), non-critical patients(19.7%), patients with established relationship (15.5%), patients who know themselves(12.7%), patients with sympathy(12.7%), non-aggressive patients (7%). Under the bad communications, there were sub-categories such as critical patients (27.4%), manipulating patients (20.1%), aggressive patients (12.6%), patients with difficulties in relationship composition (11.6%), patients with affectation (9.5%), patients without expected responses (6.3%), non-cooperative patients(6%), sexual patients (3.2%) and patients with bad domestic environments(2%). From the above results, it was known that nurses in the psychiatric ward experienced various kinds of communication and they were influenced by the patients` standpoint, nurses` standpoint and interactions between nurses and patients. Therefore nurses in the psychiatric ward experienced difficulties and stresses by using themselves as curative tools. If they were not allowed to release such stresses in proper ways, it would influence their role confliction. Therefore, various nursing interventions shall be developed in order to enhance curative communication level and upgrade curative communication level by studying problematic situations in communication and systematic approaches according to patient type.