가사의 기원과 삼의제(三衣制)의 도상학 = The Origin of Costumes and the Iconography of Samuije (三衣制)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Not only are Buddhist Gasa (kāṣāya; costumes) indispensable to the life of Buddhist monks, but also Buddhist costumes are the most basic in the study of Buddha statues. Therefore, the study of the origin of costumes and the three-ui-je (三衣制) is a very important task.
First, Gasa (costume) is a Romanized expression of Sanskrit “Kasaya,” which means dull, dull, or weird colors, meaning dull clothes or weird color clothes.
Second, Gasa's clothing materials (衣材) originated from divided-small-piece-clothes sewn out of cloth and developed into divided-cut-clothes sewn by cutting cloth.
Third, in terms of Gasa's method of making, it is to apply the method of making a single piece of clothing by cutting the cloth and stitching it into a 田 shape of a certain size.
Fourth, there are three types of Gasa such as Saṃghāṭī or big costume (大衣), Uttarāsaṃga or upper costume (上衣), and antarvāsa or under costume (內衣), and that's why they are called three costumes (三衣), and they are institutionalized and called the three costume system (三衣制).
This point was briefly discussed by finding the evidence in sutra scripture (經論).

참고문헌 (Reference)

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2 문명대, "삼국시대 불교조각사연구" 예경 2003

3 최완수, "간다라(Gandhāra) 佛衣巧" 동국대학교 박물관 1 : 1973

4 "雜阿含經"

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7 "玄應音義"

8 "根本說一切有部百一羯磨"

9 "摩訶僧祗律"

10 "慧琳音義"

11 "大唐西域記"

12 "四分律"

13 "十誦律"

14 염중섭, "佛敎袈裟의 기원과 내포의미 고찰 - 律藏과 인도문화의 특수성을 중심으로-" 불교문화연구원 (58) : 7-43, 2011

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16 逸具梅栄, "佛像の形式" 東出版 1970

17 "五分律"

18 "中阿含經"