연령이 인구이동에 미치는 영향 : 최초이동, 계속이동, 귀환 이동 = Age Effects on Migration Schedule : Primary, Repeat and Return Migration

국문 초록 (Abstract)

일반적으로 인구이동은 전형적인 연령패턴을 갖는 것으로 알려져 있다. 연령에 따른 이동률의 변화는 생애주기와 지역애착에 영향을 받기 때문이라고 설명되어왔다. 많은 인구이동 연구들은 인구이동이 갖는 다양한 형태에 대한 고민 없이 단순한 거주지역의 변화에만 초점을 맞추었다. 하지만 인구이동의 다양성에 주목한 연구들은 인구이동이 그 형태에 따라 다양한 의미를 갖고 있음을 보여주고 있다. 이에 이 연구는 패널데이터(NLSY79)를 사용하여, 인구이동을 최초이동, 계속이동 및 귀환이동으로 구분하였다. 이러한 구분을 바탕으로 생애주기 및 지역애착 등을 반영하는 사회경제적 변수들을 통제한 후 연령이 인구이동에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 분석결과는 인구이동이 그 형태에 따라 다양한 연령패턴을 갖는다는 것을 보여준다. 최초이동은 이동률이 성인초기 연령대의 매우 높은 수준에서 급감하여 중년에 이르러 일반적 이동률 수준으로 나타났고, 계속이동은 연령의 증가에 따라 선형으로 꾸준히 감소하지만 그 폭은 크지 않았다. 그러나 귀환이동은 이동률이 연령에 따라 증가하는 모습을 보여주었다. 이러한 연령패턴의 다양성을 설명을 위해 이 연구는 인구이동에서의 보수성 증가라는 심리적 접근을 제안하고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The main purpose of this study is to examine whether or not age effects on schedules of migration are different by migration types. This study categorizes migrations into three types including primary migration, onward migration, and return migration. It employs the data from 1979 Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY79). The findings present the diversity of age effects schedules of migrations. Primary migration rates plummet from very high level at early adult ages and to similar level with other migration types, while rates of onward migration decrease steady with age at low level. In return migration, however, migration rates increase as people get older. This study explains the diversity of age effects on migration schedules based on the concept of 'psychological conservatism in migration decision' that they are more likely to stay in a same place or to avoid new surroundings as age goes on. Such psychological approach has been largely ignored by the mainstream of migration studies.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 인구이동에 대한 이론적 검토
• Ⅲ. 분석 자료 및 방법론
• Ⅳ. 연구결과
• Ⅴ. 결론
• Ⅵ. 요약 및 토론
• 〈참고 문헌〉
• ENGLISH ABSTRACTS

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