[일반논문] 세대정치의 등장과 지역주의

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

One of the key features of the 2002 presidential election was the emergence of generational politics, Young voters supported Roh Moo-hyun, the candidate of the ruling Millenium Democratic Party(MDP), whereas older voters favored Lee Hoi-chang, the candidate of the opposition Grand National Party(GNP). According to recent studies, differing political ideologies by generation was the main reason why generation became a significant factor for candidate choice in the last election. The younger generation favored the progressive candidate Roh because they were more progressive, and the older generation supported Lee because they were more conservative, In other words, generational cleavage has overlapped with ideological cleavage,<br/>
This article addresses the following two questions, First, how and to what extent did generation overlap with political ideology in candidate choice of the last presidential election, We measure the polarization ratio of political ideology by generation, by utilizing Yule's Q as a statistical indicator. Findings from this analysis show that generation strongly overlapped with ideological position in candidate choice. Hence, we argue that differing political preference by generation as well as ideology can be labelled as . generation-ideology cleavage' .<br/>
Second, we discuss the political consequences of emerging generational politics. In particular, this article examines whether the emergence of generational politics would undermine regionalism as an obstinate obstacle in Korean electoral politics. To do so we focus on the electorates of Cholla and Kyungsang provinces and compare voting behaviors of the three groups which belong to differing generation-ideology categories. The major findings of this analysis are mixed. Younger, progressive voters of the Kyungsang province show a lower intensity of regionalist voting than older, conservative voters. This clearly indicates that the emergence of generation-ideology cleavage would undermine regionalism in the Kyungsang province. By contrast, Cholla voters do not show a clear difference of candidate choice between younger, progressive and older, conservative groups, and maintain a higher intensity of regionalist voting. These findings do not allow us to predict that the emergence of generational politics will weaken regionalism. However, since we find out that generational cleavage is closely related with ideological cleavage, we need to pay close attention to the political consequences of generation-ideology cleavage.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론
  
• 2. 세대-이념균열의 등장
  
• 3. 세대-이념균열과 지역균열과의 관계
  
• 4. 결론
  
• 참고문헌
  
• 부록