외국인노동자의 자유이동에 관한 EU의 규제 = Restriction by the EU on Free Movement of the Migrant Workers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Fee movement of persons, especially workers in the european internal market is guaranteed by the Treaty establishing the European Community. However, movement of the migrant workers is relatively restricted by the European Union(EU). Breaking down the Berlin Wall has attracted a lot of immigration from the middle-est european countries in the internal market. They was called as 'the economic migrant'.
Adopting the Treaty of Amsterdam, the EU introduced the Title IV on 'Visas, Asylum, Immigration and Other Policies Related to Free Movement of Persons'(articles 61-69). Based on the articles, the European Council and the European Commission adopted several secondary legislations and protect the right of the migrant workers.
The EU only protects the right of 'the legal migrants', but not 'the illegal migrants'. To prevent illegal immigration, the EU is preparing the 'common policy on illegal immigration', and some various secondary legislations and measures related to the expulsion, return and re-admission of the third country nationals.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

유럽역내시장에 있어 사람의 자유이동, 특히 노동자의 자유이동은 EC조약에 의해 보장되고 있다. 하지만 이와는 달리, 제3국 국민, 즉 외국인 노동자의 이동은 상당한 제한을 받고 있다. 1989년 베를린 장벽의 붕괴로 인하여 구소연방 체제가 와해되자 중동부유럽국가로부터 대규모의 이민이 역내시장으로 유입되었다. 이들은 주로 경제적 이유로 인해 고국을 떠났으므로 ‘경제적 이주자’라고 불렸다.
EU는 암스테르담조약을 채택하면서 ‘비자, 망명, 이민 및 사람의 자유이동과 관련된 기타 정책’에 관한 EC조약 제9편 제61조-제69조를 도입했다. 이 규정들에 의거하여 유럽이사회와 유럽위원회는 이주노동자와 관련된 다수의 이차입법을 채택하여 그들의 권리를 보호하고 있다.
하지만 대부분의 국가와 마찬가지로 EU도 합법적 이주자에 대해서는 그 권리를 보호하지만 불법 이주자에 대해서는 여러 가지 제한을 가하고 있다. 현재 EU는 ‘공동불법이민정책’을 수립하고 있으며, 불법이주자의 추방, 송환 및 재입국과 관련한 다양한 이차입법과 조치를 마련하고 있다.

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