한양도성의 각자성석에 대한 종합적 고찰

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Since Seoul City Wall was contained in the tentative list of world heritage of UNESCO,Seoul City has been trying to achieve the main World heritage of UNESCO – to prove itsoutstanding universal value(OUV) of 600 years long heritage. Seoul City Wall(서울 漢陽都城) is the longest City Wall (18.627㎞) among the existingcapital city walls in the world. Seoul City discovered 152 inscription stones February 2012, and added 120 – total 272inscription stones as of April 2014. 152 inscription stones(刻字城石) plus 97 TaeJo Period, the Thousand-Character Classic of them(initial construction period, 太祖年間 97개 千字文 刻字城石), total 249 dataare all contained in CAD (Computer Aided Design). 97 divisions were started from the east of Baegaksan Mountain(白岳山) ; Cheon(天) isfirst word of Thousand-Character Classic(千字文) to Jo(弔) ; 97th word of it. 97 divisions were inscribed by the Thousand-Character Classic(千字文); and 6 smalldivisions were inscribed by numbers(figures). Inscription was not simple doodling but individual / regional responsibility of buildingup Seoul City Wall. In 1396, when TaeJo(The first king : 太祖) of Joseon Dynasty first began to built upSeoul City Wall, was divided by 97 division, its total length 18.627㎞ each of it was 600Cheok(尺 ≒ 600feet) and each division was divided 6 small division(100尺 ≒ 100feet). The above facts was proved in each City wall inscription stones(刻字城石) and TheAnnals of Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄) also proved the facts. Each 60㎝ × 60㎝ Face stone is not the characteristic SukJong Period(肅宗年間), butbegan to Jeong Jo Period(正祖年間) and continued through SunJo Period(純祖年間) until the end of Joseon Dynasty. During SukJong Period(肅宗年間), recruited soldiers, partly according to the population increase, and partly their living, contributed to the professional building of Seoul City Wall and to the standardization of Face Stone : 40㎝ × 45㎝ rectangular size. In 1710, when SukJong(19th king : 肅宗) of Joseon Dynasty In the high sites of ParapetWall / Battlements( 女墻), bricks were used, but Body of Wall(體城) and in the otherlow sites of Parapet Wall / Battlements(女 墻), stones were used. Bricks were produced(by SueoCheong : 守禦廳) in the isle of ‘Mudeung Do’ / ‘JeoJa Do’ in the Han River. During SukJong Period(肅宗年間), when was inscribed of one word(Hun:訓 / Geum:禁 / Eo:禦), its meaning was one of 3 military troop(3軍門 : 訓練都監, 禁衛營, 御營廳) and these inscription stones(刻字城石) belong to rebuilding of Parapet Wall /Battlements(女墻)In 1751 (Yeong Jo 27, 英祖 27年) The Budget to collect Seoul City Wall restorationbuilders(technicians) was made according to the span of collapsed wall and needed rice. The location, the date, and the builders of inscription stones ara all proved true The Annalsof Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄), The Daily Records of Royal Secretarial of JoseonDynasty(承政院日記), Geumwiyeong repairing of Seoul City Wall Deung’rok(禁衛營都城改築謄錄), Eoyeongcheong songyouk Deung’rok(御營廳城役謄錄, Official Document job of Seoul City Wall written by Eoyeongcheong), Hungguk Deung’rok(訓局謄錄),Eoyeongcheong Deung’rok(御營廳謄錄), Geumwiyeong Deung’rok(禁衛營謄錄) allother official documents and all the on the spot excavations. During Yeong Jo Period, military storehouses(城廊) were removed in the City Wallfrom out of it ; all the numbers were about 75. these military storehouse(城廊) were very important to the standardization of their location : to the recording of collapses and rebuilding of Seoul City Wall. The Site of military Storehouses(城廊터) remained inside of Seoul City Wall werevery important to the standardization of their location : to the recording of collapses and rebuilding of Seoul City Wall. The site of military storehouses(城廊터) remained inside of the City Wall. Their remained sites are very important to the records of the collapse and rebuilding ofthe City Wall, particularly to the comparing of the inscription stones and their rebuilding regarded. The scale of restoration rebuilding and collapse is recorded in the unit of spans. 1 span was 10 Cheok(10尺≒10feet≒3.1m). Since 1812 1 span was changed 8Cheok(8尺≒8feet≒2.48m) Before 1812, Generally the fundamental unit of Battlement / Parapet Wall(女墻), ‘1Merlon(1垜)’ was similar to ‘1 span(間)’ of Rampart / Body of Wall(體城). The starts and the ends of the basic of restoration and collapse "span" are divided by the vertical / horizontal joints (守直 / 水平 이음部). Excavation researches reveal that vertical / horizontal joints(守直/水平 이음部) areused and bottom buttress stone of joints(바닥 버팀돌). Many officials and experts[(Seoul City Wall restoration builders(technicians)] includingmany supervisors took very important roles on the many major works at that time.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 초기 한양도성의 각자성석과 축성기록
• 1. 태조연간
• 2. 세종연간
• Ⅲ. 중기 한양도성의 축성
• 1. 광해군 시기
• 2. 효종·현종연간
• 3. 효종연간 각자성석 (190번 각자성석)
• 4. 현종연간 각자성석
• 5. 중기 한양도성 축성 특징
• Ⅳ. 후기 한양도성의 축성
• 1. 숙종연간
• 2. 영조연간
• 3. 정조연간
• 4. 순조연간
• 5. 헌종연간
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT

참고문헌 (Reference)

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2 김영모, "조선시대 성곽의 축성법 변화에 관한 연구 : 서울·경기지역 성곽의 성벽을 중심으로" 명지대학교 2007

3 박계형, "잊혀진 각석을 찾아가는 서울 성곽의 역사" 조은 2008

4 김기호, "숙종이후 서울성곽 체성과 여장의 축조형식에 관한 연구" 명지대학교 2013

5 서울특별시, "서울성곽 중장기 종합정비 기본계획 1" 2009

6 민덕식, "서울城郭의 築城關聯 金石文" (71) : 2008

7 서울특별시, "서울城郭"

8 서울특별시 서울역사박물관, "서울, 도성을 품다" 2012

9 서울특별시, "서울 한양도성(사적 10호)의 진정성 입증을 위한 역사사료집" 김수정 서울특별시 역사문화재과 문화재연구팀장·학예연구관 2012

10 최종규, "서울 한양도성 축성시기별 성벽 형태 및 구조 고찰" 서울학연구소 (47) : 67-117, 2012

11 서울특별시, "서울 한양도성 서울성곽 유네스코 세계유산 잠정목록 등재를 위한 학술연구" 이코모스 한국위원회 2012

12 서울특별시 시사편찬위원회, "서울 2천년사" 2013

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15 서울역사박물관, "도성발굴의 기록 Ⅰ (아동광장 발굴조사 보고서)" 2011

16 고창군, "고창읍성 정밀실측 보고서" 2013

17 문인식, "각자성석을 중심으로 한 개축기록 고증" 서울특별시 2013

18 "貞純王后國葬都監儀軌"

19 "訓局謄錄"

20 "華城城役儀軌"

21 "禁衛營都城改築謄錄"

22 "禁衛營謄錄"

23 "正祖國葬都監儀軌"

24 "朝鮮王朝實錄"

25 고동환, "朝鮮後期 서울 商業發達史 硏究" ㈜지식산업사 2002

26 "日省錄"

27 "承政院日記"

28 "御營廳謄錄"

29 "御營廳城役謄錄"

30 "孝宗祔廟都監儀軌"

31 오다쇼고, "京城尊都の 由來こ 基の 城壁に 就て(下)" (198) : 1931

32 오다쇼고, "京城尊都の 由來こ 基の 城壁に 就て" (197) : 1931

33 김용관, "《서울, 한양의 기억을 걷다》-서울에서 한양까지 다시 찾은 수도 육백년사" 인물과 사상사 2012

34 金東柱, "《藏書閣圖書韓國本解題輯》-軍事類-" 韓國精神文化硏究院 1993