삶의 의미와 사회적 지지가 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향: 성장적 반추를 매개 변인으로 = The Effect of Meaning in Life and Social Support on Posttraumatic Growth: Rumination as a Mediating Variable

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was to examine the effect of meaning in life and social support on posttraumatic growth with considering rumination as a mediating variable. Rumination were measured in two time frames: soon after the traumatic event, within the last two weeks. For this purpose, a sample of 363 adult were asked to complete the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Social Support Scale, Posttraumatic Growth, Rumination Scale, and Trumatic Experience Schedule. The results were as follows: (1) Rumination soon after the traumatic event had a partial mediating effect between social support and posttraumatic growth. (2) Rumination within the last two weeks had a partial mediating effect between meaning of life and posttraumatic growth. Finally, the implications and limitations of the study were discussed.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 송승훈, "한국판 외상 후 성장 척도(K-PTGI)의 신뢰도와 타당도" 충남대학교 대학원 2007

2 원두리, "한국판 삶의 의미척도의 타당화 연구: 대학생을 대상으로" 한국건강심리학회 10 (10): 211-225, 2005

3 김진수, "친밀한 관계경험과 성장적 반추가 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향" 한국심리학회 30 (30): 793-809, 2011

4 박혜원, "외상 후 증상, 영성성 및 성장적 숙고가 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향" 부산대학교 대학원 2006

5 심미성, "스트레스 완충자원으로서 삶의 의미의 역할" 가톨릭대학교 대학원 2006

6 박지원, "사회적 지지 척도 개발을 위한 일 연구" 연세대학교 대학원 1985

7 이현수, "긍정적 심리학" 시그마프레스 2008

8 전유진, "경찰공무원의 자기노출, 사회적지지 및 의도적 반추가 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향" 대구대학교 대학원 2010

9 尹惠貞, "靑少年의 일상적 스트레스와 社會關係網 支持 知覺" 서울大學校 大學院 1993

10 Baron, R. M., "The moderatormediator variable distinction in social psychological research : Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations" 51 : 1173-1182, 1986

11 Calhoun, L. G., "The foundations of posttraumatic growth: Expended framwork, In Handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research and practice" Erlbaum 3-23, 2006

12 Cox, B. J., "The effects of rumination as a mediator of elevated anxiety sensitivity in major depression" 25 : 525-534, 2001

13 Battsta, J., "The development of meaning in life" 36 : 409-427, 1973

14 Sterger, M. F., "The development and validation of the meaning in life questionnaire" University of Minesota 2004

15 Ryff, C. D., "The contours of positive human health" 9 : 1-28, 1998

16 Tedeschi, R. G., "The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma" 9 : 455-471, 1996

17 Maercker, A., "The Janus face of selfperceived growth: Toward tow-component model of posttraumatic growth" 15 : 41-48, 2004

18 Peterson, J. L., "Stress, coping, HIV status, psychosocial resources and depressive mood in Afrian American guy, bisexual, and heterosexual men" 24 : 461-487, 1996

19 Anesehendel, C. S., "Stress and Depression; A test of the Buffering Model of Socail Support" 39 : 13291-1396, 1982

20 Davis, C. G., "Searching for meaning in loss: Are clinical assumptions correct?" 24 : 497-540, 2000

21 Robert, J. E., "Ruminative response style and vulnerability to episodes of dysphoria: gender, neuroticismn and episode duration" 22 : 401-423, 1998

22 Nolen-Hoeksema, S., "Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss" 67 : 92-104, 1994

23 Treynor, W., "Rumination Reconsidered: A Psychometric Analysis" 27 : 247-259, 2003

24 Geertz, C., "Religion as a cultural system, In Anthropological approaches to the study of religion" Tavistock 1-46, 1966

25 Bagby, R. M., "Relation of rumination and distraction with neuroticism and extroversions in sample of patients with major depression" 25 : 91-102, 2001

26 Koening, H. G., "Regios coping and mental health outcomes in medically ill hospitalized older adults" 186 : 513-521, 1998

27 Trapnell, P. D., "Private self-consciousness and the five-factor model of personality: Distinguishing rumination from reflection" 76 : 284-304, 1999

28 Ozer, E. J., "Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: a meta-analysis" 129 : 52-71, 2003

29 Astin, M. C., "Posttraumatic stress disorder among battered women; Risk and resiliency factor" 8 : 17-28, 1993

30 Tedeschi, R. G., "Posttraumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence" 15 : 1-18, 2004

31 Weiss, T., "Posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer and their husbands: An intersubjective validation study" 20 : 65-80, 2002

32 Linley, P. A., "Positive Change Following Trauma and Adversity: A Review" 17 : 11-21, 2004

33 Tennen, H., "Personality and transformation in the face of adversity, In Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis" Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers 65-98, 1998

34 Sanavio, E., "Obsessions and compulsions: The Padua Inventory" 26 : 169-177, 1988

35 Ellison, C. G., "Obedience and autonomy: Religion and parenting values reconsidered" 32 : 313-329, 1993

36 Park, C. L., "Meaning in the context of stress and coping" 1 (1): 115-144, 1997

37 Frankl, V. E., "Man's search for meaning" Pocket 1959

38 Bonanno, G. A., "Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events?" 59 : 20-28, 2004

39 Zilberg, N. J., "Impact of Event Scale: A cross-validation study and some empirical evidence supporting a conceptual model of stress response syndromes" 50 : 407-414, 1982

40 Michael, S. T., "Getting unstuck: The roles of hope, finding meaning, and rumination in the adjustment to bereavement among college students" 18 : 575-585, 2005

41 Thompson, S., "Finding positive meaning in stressful event and coping" 6 : 295-297, 1985

42 Yalom, Y. D., "Existential Psychotherapy" Basic books 1980

43 Barrett, T. W., "Development of the grief experience questionnaire" 19 : 201-215, 1989

44 Affleck, G., "Construing benefits from adversity: Adaptational significance and dispositional underpinning" 64 : 900-922, 1996

45 Neimeyer, R. A., "Complicated grief and the quest for meaning: A constructivist contribution" 52 : 37-52, 2006

46 Bower, J. E., "Cognitive processing, discovery of meaning, CD 4 decline, and AISD-related mortality among bereaved HIV-seropositive men" 66 : 979-986, 1998

47 Yalom, Y. D., "Bereavement and heightened existential awareness" 54 : 334-345, 1991

48 Park, C. L., "Assessment and Prediction of Stress-Related Growth" 64 : 71-105, 1996

49 Carver, C. S., "Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach" 56 : 267-283, 1989

50 Taylor, S. E., "Adjustment to threatening events: A theory of cognitive adaptation" 38 : 1161-1173, 1983

51 Nolen-Hoeksema, S., "A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 loma prieta earthquake" 61 : 115-121, 1991

52 Calhoun, L. G., "A correlational test of relationship between posttraumatic growth, religion, and cognitive processing" 13 : 521-527, 2000