교육 분야 질적연구의 도구로서 사진에 관한 시론적 고찰 = The Introductory Review on Photography as a Qualitative Research Tool in Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Photography has taken an important part as a research tool to record social and cultural phenomenon. Particularly, the research approaches such as ‘visual anthropology’ and ‘visual sociology’ have emerged in the fields of anthropology and sociology. It reflects the importance of photography and visual image as a research tool. However, it’s hard to find any photography-based or image-based research articles in Korean qualitative research literatures. Thus, the purpose of this study is to conduct an introductory review of photography as a qualitative research tool in education. First, the study explored the methodological issues for photography-based qualitative research. The discussed issues included the brief history of photography as a research tool, the nature and types of photography data, photography as observational tool, photography as an interview tool, photography as a narrative inquiry tool, and ethical issues. Second, the study analyzed the research trends in photography-based qualitative research in educational fields by reviewing 21 research articles. Finally, The necessity of follow-up studies toward ‘visual anthropology of education’ in Korea was discussed as an implication from this study.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

사진은 카메라의 발명 이래 우리의 경험을 포착해 두려는 의식의 도구이자, 인간의 문화와 사회 현상을 기록하려는 관찰 도구로서 중요한 역할을 해왔다. 특히, 인류학과 사회학 분야에서는 영상 인류학(visual anthropology)과 영상 사회학(visual sociology)이라는 연구 분야가 생겨날 정도로 사진은 사회과학분야의 질적연구에서 중요한 연구도구로서 자리잡아왔다. 그러나 국내 질적연구 분야에서 시각 이미지 기반 연구에 대한 논의는 부족한 실정이다. 이제 디지털 미디어의 발달로 인해 시각 이미지를 창조할 수 있는 도구들이 언제 어디서든 누구에게나 이용 가능한 시대가 되었다. 특히 디지털 원주민으로서 학생 세대가 시각 이미지를 통한 의사소통에 더 친숙해지는 상황을 고려했을 때 교육현장에서의 질적연구 도구로서 사진에 대한 논의가 절실하다. 이러한 필요성으로부터 본 논문은 교육 분야에서 질적연구의 도구로서 사진에 관한 시론적 탐색을 시도하였다. 우선 사진 기반의 질적연구 방법론 이슈들을 탐색하였다. 연구도구로서의 사진의 역사, 질적연구에서 활용되는 사진자료의 성격, 사진을 통한 현장접근, 관찰도구로서의 사진, 면담도구로서의 사진, 내러티브 탐구도구로서의 사진, 사진 기반 연구에서의 윤리적 이슈 등이 논의되어졌다. 이를 바탕으로 교육 분야에서의 사진 기반 질적연구 문헌들을 분석하였다. 교육 분야의 질적연구에서 사진을 통해 무엇을 탐색하고자 하였으며, 어떻게 활용하고자 하였는지를 분석하였다. 끝으로 국내 교육 분야에서도 시각 이미지 기반의 질적연구의 필요성에 대해 논의하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Cotton, S, "현대예술로서의 사진" 시공사·시공아트 2007

2 Sontag, S, "사진에 관하여" 이후 2013

3 Hethron, J, "Youth style: Articulating cultural anxiety" 14 : 109-125, 1999

4 Poudrier. J., "We've fallen through the cracks:Aboriginal women's experiences wit breast cancer through photovoice" 16 (16): 306-317, 2009

5 Larson, H., "Voices of pacific youth: Video research as a tool for youth expression" 14 : 163-172, 1999

6 Banks, M., "Visual methods in social research" Sage 2001

7 Prosser, J., "Visual methods and the visual culture of schools" 22 : 13-30, 2007

8 Kingsley, J., "Visual methodology in classroom inquiry: enhancing complementary qualitative research designs" 55 (55): 534-558, 2009

9 Schwartz, D., "Visual ethnography: Using photography in qualitative research" 12 : 2-, 1989

10 Collier, Jr. J, "Visual anthropology: Photography as a research method" University of New Mexico Press 1986

11 Clark-Ibanez, M., "Visual Research Methods" Sage Publications 167-198, 2007

12 White, A., "Using visual methodologies to explore contemporary Irish childhoods" 10 (10): 143-158, 2010

13 Banks, M., "Using visual data in qualitative research" Sage 2007

14 Worth, S, "Through navajo eyes: an exploration in film communication and anthropology" Indiana University Press 1972

15 Pauwels, L., "The sage handbook of visual research methods" Sage Publications 3-23, 2011

16 Burke, C, "The progressive image in the history of education: Stories of two schools" 22 : 155-168, 2007

17 Goldin, N., "The Ballad of Sexual Dependency" Aperture 1986

18 Harper, D., "Talking about pictures: a case for photo elicitation" 171 : 13-26, 2002

19 Miller, G., "Talking about hope: The use of participant photography" 27 : 1051-1065, 2006

20 Page, E. R., "Social change at bike week" 16 : 7-35, 2001

21 Write, T., "Reflections on the looking glass var: Photography, espionage and the cold war" 16 : 75-88, 2001

22 Hockings, P., "Principles of visual anthropology" Mouton de Gruyter 1975

23 Gasparini, F, "Picturing the history of teacher education:Photographs and methodology" 35 (35): 16-31, 2006

24 Martin, N., "Photovoice and its potential use in nutrition and dietetic research" 71 (71): 93-97, 2010

25 Kaplan, I., "Photography in educational research:Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 153-167, 2015

26 Howes, A., "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 95-109, 2015

27 Wolfenden, F, "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 79-94, 2015

28 Eliadou, A., "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 60-76, 2013

29 Anderson, T., "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 36-49, 2015

30 Zehle, J., "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 21-35, 2015

31 Moss, J., "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 196-207, 2008

32 Miles, S, "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 2015

33 Mamaniat, I., "Photography in educational research: Critical reflections from diverse contexts" Routledge 50-59, 2015

34 Collier, J., "Photography in anthropology: A report on two experiments" 59 : 843-859, 1957

35 Allen, Q., "Photographs and stories: ethics, benefits and dilemmas of using participant photography with Black middle-class male youth" 12 (12): 443-458, 2012

36 Suchar, C., "Photographing the changing material culture of a gentrified community" 3 : 17-22, 1988

37 Rieger, J. H., "Photographing social change" 11 : 5-49, 1996

38 Harrison, B., "Photographic visions and narrative inquiry" 12 (12): 7-111, 2002

39 Eisner, E. W., "On the differences between scientific and artistic approaches to qualitative research" 29 (29): 5-11, 2003

40 Pauwels, L., "Managing impressions: On visually decoding the workplace as a symbolic environment" 11 : 62-74, 1996

41 Margolis, E., "Looking at discipline, looking at labor: Photographic representations of Indian boarding schools" 19 : 72-96, 2004

42 Daniels, D., "Learning about community leadership: Fusing methodology and pedagogy to learn about the lives of settlement women" 53 (53): 189-206, 2003

43 Margolis, E., "Images in struggle: Photographs of Colorado coal camps" 9 : 4-26, 1994

44 Prosser, J., "Image-based research: A sourcebook for qualitative researchers" Falmer Press 1998

45 Prosser, J, "Image-based research: A handbook for qualitative researchers" Falmer 115-130, 1998

46 Harper, D., "Image-based research: A handbook for qualitative researchers" Falmer 24-59, 1998

47 Mitchell, W. J. T., "Iconology" University of Chicago Press 1987

48 Clark, A., "Ethical issues in image-based research" 2 (2): 81-93, 2010

49 Wang, C, "Empowerment through photo novella: Portraits of participation" 21 (21): 171-186, 1994

50 Burke, C., "Doing visual research with children and young people" Routledge 23-36, 2008

51 Thomson, P., "Doing visual research with children and young people" Routledge 2008

52 Corcoran, S. L., "Doing visual research with children and young people" Routledge 168-181, 2015

53 Clark-Ibanez, M, "Doing visual research with children and young people" Routledge 95-113, 2008

54 Kaplan, I., "Doing visual research with children and young people" Routledge 175-191, 2008

55 Trafi-Prats L., "Destination Raval Sud: A Visual Ethnography on Pedagogy, Aesthetics, and the Spatial Experience of Growing Up Urban" 51 (51): 6-20, 2009

56 Andonian, L., "Community participation of people with mental health issues within an urban environment" 26 : 401-417, 2010

57 Casey, P. F., "College students' alcohol-related problems:An autophotographic approach" 51 (51): 8-, 2007

58 Chalfen, R., "Celebrating life after death: the appearance of snapshots in Japanese pet grave sites" 18 : 144-156, 2003

59 Mead, M, "Balinese character: a photographic analysis" New York Academy of Sciences 1942

60 Grady, J., "Advertising images as social indicators: Depictions of blacks in LIFE magazine, 1936-2000" 22 : 211-239, 2007

61 Pauwels, L., "A private visual practice going public? Social functions and sociological research opportunities of web-based family photography" 23 : 34-49, 2008

62 Mizen, P., "A little light work? Children's images of their labor" 20 : 124-158, 2005

63 Kaplan, I, "'Seeing through different eyes': exploring the value of participative research using images in schools" 34 (34): 143-155, 2004