공공조직에서 조직풍토가 조직창의 성에 미치는 영향

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 공공조직 공무원을 대상으로 창의성에 영향을 미치는 조직풍토의 결정요인을 경험적 조사와 가설검증을 통해 확인하고, 이를 바탕으로 공무원의 창의성을 동인할 수 있도록 하는 정책적 함의를 제시하였다. 본 연구는 이론적 검토와 분석과정을 통해 독립변수로 혁신전략, 커뮤니케이션, 창의성 지원, 표준화, 자율성, 협력, 위험감수용인, 혁신주도, 개인별 요인, 그리고 내재적 동기를 설정하였으며 과정적 창의성과 결과적 창의성을 종속변수로 구성하는 연구모형과 가설을 설정하였다. 분석결과 과정적 창의성이나 결과적 창의성모두에 통계적으로 유의적인 영향을 미치는 변수는 구성원간 커뮤니케이션, 위험감수용인, 혁신주도, 내재적 동기 등 4개 변수가 제시되었다. 그리고 결과적 창의성에만 영향을 미치는 변수로는 창의성 지원이 제시되었고, 과정적 창의성에만 영향을 미치는 요인은 구성원간협력이 제시되었다. 이와 같은 분석결과를 통해 제시한 정책적 함의로서는 아이디어나 새롭고 다양한 시각과 견해를 자유로이 제안할 수 있는 통로와 평가체계가 마련되어야 하고 조직 관리계층의 창의성 리더십이 구현되어야 할 것을 제안하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이명재, "한국행정의 조직풍토에 관한 연구" 상명대학교 사회과학연구소 1 : 53-78, 1987

2 최종인, "집단창의성의 결정요인에 관한 연구" 고려대학교 대학원 1995

3 한세억, "지능적 전자정부의 행정이념과 실천-창의성" 한국행정학회 2003

4 구자숙, "조직의 창의성: 창의적 개인과 소수집단의 역할" 22 (22): 53-80, 1998

5 허? 진, "조직 창의성 발현의 비결. 「한국제안활동협회 웹진」, 2007. 4월호. http://www.jaean.or.kr/07/07_02.asp BOARDID=101&BOARDNO =172&PAGE=&CATEGORYID=&QUERYSTR=&WJTYPECD=W02"

6 장재윤, "기업에서의 창의성 경영" 2001

7 Tierney, P., "examination of leadership and employee creativity: The relevance of traits and relationships" 52 (52): 591-620, 1999

8 Tushman, M. L., "Winning through Innovation: A Practical Guide to Leading Organizational Change and Renewal" Harvard Business School 1997

9 Zhou, J., "When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice" 44 : 682-696, 2001

10 Guilford, J. P., "Varieties of divergent-production abilities or functions" 18 : 1-10, 1984

11 Patterson, M. G., "Validating the organizational climate measure: links to managerial practices, productivity and innovation" 26 : 379-408, 2005

12 Patterson, M. G., "Validating the organizational climate measure: links to managerial practices, productivity and innovation" 26 : 379-408, 2005

13 Ott, J. S., "Understanding Organizational Climate and Culture" Jossey-Bass 2005

14 Guilford, J. P., "Transformation abilities of function" 17 (17): 75-83, 1983

15 Basadur, M. S., "Training in creative problem solving: Effects on ideation and problem finding and solving in an industrial research organization" Organizational Behavior and Social Performance 41-70, 1982

16 Woodman, R. W., "Toward a theory of organizational creativity" 18 (18): 293-321, 1993

17 Woodman, R. W., "Toward a theory of organizational creativity" 293-321. 18 (18): 293-321, 1993

18 Mumford, M. D., "Thinking creatively at work: organization influences on creative problem solving" 31 (31): 7-17, 1997

19 Schneider, B., "The psychological life of organizations" Sage 17-21, 2000

20 Halpin, A. W., "The organizational climate of schools" Midwest Administration Center of the University of Chicago 1963

21 Judge, W. Q., "The new task of R&D management: creating goal directed communities for innovation" 39 (39): 72-85, 1997

22 Bresnahan, J., "The elusive muse" 11 (11): 50-56, 1997

23 Cook, P., "The creativity advantage- is your organization the leader of the pack" 30 : 179-184, 1998

24 Hitt, M. A., "The creative organization: Tomorrow's survivor" 9 (9): 283-290, 1975

25 Tagiuri, R., "The concept of organizational climate" Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration 1-32, 1968

26 Schneider, B., "The climate for service: an application of the climate construct" Jossey-Bass 383-412, 1990

27 Adams, K., "The Sources of Innovation and Creativity. A Paper Commissioned by the National Center on Education and the Economy for the New Commission on the Skill of the American Workforce" National Center on Education and the Economy 2005

28 Amabile, T. M., "The Social Psychology of Creativity" Springer-Verlag 1983

29 Handy, C., "The Age of Paradox" Harvard Business School Press 1994

30 Wheatley, W. J., "Selecting and training strategic planners with imagination and creativity" 25 (25): 52-60, 1991

31 Abbey, A., "R&D work climate and innovation in semiconductors" 26 (26): 362-368, 1983

32 Lock, E. A., "Promoting creativity in organizations" Sage 115-120, 1995

33 Goodman, S. A., "Person-organization fit and contextual performance: do shared values matter" 55 : 254-275, 1999

34 Samaha, H. E., "Overcoming the TQM barrier to innovation" 41 (41): 145-149, 1996

35 Shattow, M., "Out of the blue" 21 (21): 44-54, 1996

36 Koberg, C. S., "Organizational culture relationships with creativity and other jobrelated variables" 15 : 397-409, 1987

37 Svyantek, D. J., "Organizational culture and organizational climate measures: an integrative review" Wiley 507-524, 2004

38 Schein, E. H., "Organizational culture and leadership: A dynamic view" Jossey-Bass 1985

39 Nelson, D. L., "Organizational behavour: Foundations, realities, and challenges" West Publishing Company 1994

40 Nystrom, H., "Organizational Innovation" Wiley 143-161, 1990

41 Hoy, W. K., "Organizational Climate and Culture: A Conceptual Analysis of the School Workplace" 1 (1): 149-168, 1990

42 Robbins, S. P., "Organizational Behavior: Concepts, Controversies, Applications" Prentice-Hall 1996

43 Stenmark, D., "Organisational creativity in context: Learning from a failing attempt to introduce IT support for creativity" 1 (1): 80-98, 2005

44 Giugni, S., "Nurturing imagination: Fostering creativity in your organization" McGraw Hill 2004

45 Jalan, A., "New developments in developing creativity" 10 (10): 20-23, 1995

46 Litwin, G. H., "Motivational and organizational climate" Graduate School of Business Administration of Harvard University 1968

47 Amabile, T. M., "Motivation and creativity; Effects of motivational orientation on creative writers" 48 : 393-399, 1985

48 Read, W. H., "Managing the knowledge-based organization: five principles every manager can use" 8 (8): 223-232, 1996

49 Basadur, M. S., "Managing creativity: A Japanese model" 6 (6): 29-42, 1992

50 Grabner, I., "Managing Organizational Creativity: Motivational aspects of management control systems for creative employees" EDAMBA Summer Academy 2007

51 Grabner, I., "Managing Organizational Creativity: Motivational aspects of management control systems for creative employees" EDAMBA Summer Academy 2007

52 Anderson, N., "Management team innovation" 30 (30): 17-21, 1992

53 Coffey, R. E., "Management and Organizational Behavior" Irwin 1994

54 Eyton, R., "Making innovation fly" 61 (61): 59-64, 1996

55 Barret, R., "Liberating the corporate soul" 74 (74): 15-16, 1997

56 Brand, A, "Knowledge management and innovation at 3M" 2 (2): 17-22, 1998

57 Filipczak, B., "It takes all kinds: creativity in the workforce" 34 (34): 32-40, 1997

58 Khalil, O. E. M., "Innovative work environment: the role of information technology and systems" 61 (61): 32-36, 1996

59 Ettlie, J. E., "Innovative attitudes, values, and intentions in organizations" 19 : 163-182, 1982

60 Covey, S. R., "Innovation at four levels" 10 (10): 3-5, 1993

61 Brodtrick, O., "Innovation as reconciliation of competing values" 27 (27): 1-4, 1997

62 Tesluk, P. E., "Influences of organizational culture and climate on individual creativity" 31 (31): 21-41, 1997

63 Gilmer, B., "Industrial psychology" McGraw-Hill 1966

64 Basadur, M. S., "Individual problem-solving styles and attitudes toward divergent thinking before and after training" 22-32. 3 (3): 22-32, 1990

65 Irani, Z., "Improving business performance through developing a corporate culture" 9 (9): 206-216, 1997

66 Amabile, T. M., "How to kill creativity" Harvard Business Review 76-87, 1998

67 Jones, G., "How can Reboredo foster creativity in her current employees and nurture creative individuals who join the company in the future" 75 (75): 50-51, 1997

68 Frese, M., "Helping to improve suggestion systems: predictors of making suggestions in companies" 20 (20): 1139-1155, 1999

69 Paulus, P., "Group, teams and creativity: the creative potential of idea generating groups" 49 (49): 237-262, 2000

70 Cooper, R. B, "Group creativity: the effects of extrinsic, intrinsic, and obligation motivations" 18 (18): 153-172, 2006

71 Siau, K. L., "Group creativity and technology" 29 (29): 201-216, 1995

72 Pinchot, E., "Five drivers for innovation" 13 (13): 9-10, 1996

73 Johnson, M. M., "Finding creativity in a technical organization" 3 (3): 8-11, 1996

74 Johnson, G., "Exploring Corporate Strategy" Englewood Cliffs 1984

75 Robbins, S. P., "Essentials of Organizational Behavior" Prentice-Hall 1997

76 Forehand, G. A., "Environmental variation in studies of organizational behavior" 62 : 361-381, 1964

77 Glor, E. D., "Encouraging public sector innovation" 27 (27): 41-48, 1997

78 Oldham, G. R., "Employee creativity: personal and contextual factors at work" 39 (39): 607-634, 1996

79 Dewett, T., "Employee creativity and the role of risk" 7 (7): 257-266, 2004

80 Shalley, C. E., "Effects of coaction, expected evaluation, and goal setting on creativity and productivity" 38 : 483-503, 1995

81 Ryan, M. J., "Driving out fear" 39 (39): 28-32, 1996

82 Sundgren, M., "Drivers of Oraanizational creativity" 35 (35): 359-374, 2005

83 Carrol, J. B., "Domains of cognitive ability" Paper presented at the meeting of the American association for the Advancement of Science 1985

84 Amabile, T. M., "Discovering the unknowable, managing the unmanageable" Sage 77-81, 1995

85 Jaskyte, K., "Determinants of Employee Creativity: A Survey of Lithuanian Nonprofit Organizations" Voluntas 133-141, 2006

86 Galbraith, J., "Designing the innovating organization" 11 (11): 5-25, 1982

87 Koberg, C. S., "Cultures and Creativity within Hierarchical Organizations" 6 (6): 265-271, 1991

88 Ahmed, P. K., "Culture and climate for innovation" 1 (1): 30-43, 1998

89 Barron, F., "Creativity,intelligence,and personality" 32 : 439-476, 1981

90 Mumford, M. D., "Creativity syndrome: integration, application, and innovation" Psychological Bulletin 1988

91 Amabile, T. M., "Creativity in context: Update to the social psychology of creativity" Westview Press 1996

92 Amabile, T. M., "Creativity and innovation in organizations" Harvard Business School Press 1996

93 Mumford, M. D., "Creativity Syndrome: Integration, application, and innovation" 103 : 27-43, 1998

94 Amabile, T. M., "Creative Human Resources in the R&D Laboratory: How Environment and Personality Impact Innovation" McGraw-Hill 1988

95 Parnes, S., "Creative Behavior Guidebook" Scribner 1967

96 Sherwood, J., "Creating work cultures with competitive advantage" 16 (16): 5-27, 1988

97 Fidler, L. A., "Communication and Innovation Implementation" 9 (9): 704-711, 1984

98 Parnes, S. J., "CPSI: The general system" 11 (11): 1-11, 1977

99 Martins, E. C., "Building organizational culture that stimulates creativity and innovation" 6 (6): 64-74, 2003

100 Campbell, D. T., "Blind variation and selective retention in creative though as in other knowledge processes" 67 (67): 380-400, 1960

101 Siegel, G., "Behavioral accounting" South-Western 1989

102 Sternberg, R. J., "An investment theory of creativity and its development" 34 : 1-31, 1991

103 Kirton, M., "Adaptors and innovators: A description and measure" 61 (61): 622-629, 1976

104 Amabile, T. M., "A model of creativity and innovation in organizations" JAI Press 123-167, 1988

105 Arad, S., "A framework for the study of relationships between organizational characteristics and organizational innovation" 31 (31): 42-58, 1997

106 Gardenswartz, L., "1998" 75 (75): 1-3, 1998