사회자본과 주관적 안녕감의 관계: 서울시민을 대상으로 = Social Capital and its Association with Subjective Well-Being: Focus on SeoulCitizens

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 주관적 안녕감(well-being)에 대한 사회자본의 영향을 살펴보려는데 그 주된 목적이 있으며, 추가적으로 주관적 건강의 매개효과에 대해서도 살펴보고자 하였다. 기존 연구결과들의 상충 문제를 해소하기 위해 사회자본에 개인의 네트워크 관점과 시민참여의 네트워크 관점에 대한 요소들을 모두 포함시켜 측정하였으며, 주관적 안녕감은 그 하위 구성개념 중 인지적 요소인 주관적 삶의 만족 부분에 초점을 두었다. 이를 검증하기 위하여 2009년 6월부터 2009년 9월까지 서울시민을 대상으로 실시한 설문조사 자료를 토대로 분석하였다.
연구결과 첫째, 사회자본의 모든 요인 변수들이 직접적으로 주관적 삶의 만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회자본의 각 변수 중 개인의 네트워크와 신뢰변수는 주관적 건강을 통하여 간접적으로도 주관적 삶의 만족에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 주관적 삶의 만족에 직간접적으로 영향을 미치는 변수들의 상대적 기여도는 신뢰(β=.363), 개인의 네트워크(β=.158), 정치참여(β=.090), 결사체 멤버쉽(β=.075) 등의 순으로 나타났다.
이러한 결과들은 정부의 복지관련 정책결정자들이 향후 시민의 주관적인 삶의 만족도를 제고시키기 위한 정책 수립 시 기존의 경제적 물질적인 요인뿐만 아니라 사회자본의 주요 요소들을 수단으로 고려해야 하고 또한 그 우선순위를 반영해야 함을 시사한다고 볼 수 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of social capital on subjective well-being in Seoul, Korea. Additionally, this study examines the mediating effect of subjective health on subjective well-being. In order to fill the gap in the literature, this study adopts both individual network perspective and networks of civic engagement perspective as social capital. In addition, this study focuses on subjective life-satisfaction, one of the sub-dimensions of subjective well-being. Data for the present study were gathered from June, 2009 to September, 2009.
The results show that all social capital factors have a direct positive effect on subjective life-satisfaction. Second, among social capital variables, personal network and trust variables affect subjective well-being through self-rated health. Third, the relative effects among social capital variables that affect subjective well-being directly and indirectly ordered as follows: trust (β=.363), personal network (β=.158), political participation (β=.090), and organizational membership (β=.075).
These results imply that policy makers should think of polices or governmental programs that not only enhance social economic status, but also increase social capital to improve citizens’ subjective well-being.

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