동북아시아 선사수렵채집문화와 일본 산나이마루야마유적 거주민의 식물이용 양식 = Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers in East Asia and Patterns of Plant Utilization at SannaiMaruyama, Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examines patterns of plant utilization at the prehistoric Sannai Maruyama site in northeastern Japan. Macrobotanical data were collected from waterlogged midden layers at the site dating to the latter half of the Early Jomon Period (approximately 5,900 to 5,350 calibrated B.P.). Based on the analysis of this data set, an ecological model is proposed through which patterns of hunter-gatherer plant utilization at different residential bases are understood.
Two alternative subsistence strategies are considered by which hunter-gatherers can increase production in relation to the spatial variability in resource distribution. The first hypothesis assumes utilization of a large number of resource types. This is expected when the distribution of critical resources is spatially homogeneous. The second hypothesis assumes the exploitation of a large number of procurement locations. This occurs when the distribution of resources is spatially heterogeneous.
These two alternative hypotheses were tested using seed assemblages from three Early Jomon sites: Torihama, Hamanasuno, and Sannai Maruyama. The results indicate that people at the Sannai Maruyama site did not collect a diverse range of plant resources. Rather, they were exploiting a large number of procurement locations. Based on the assumption that the staple foods sought by prehistoric hunter-gatherers in East Asia were various species of nuts, including chestnuts (Castanea crenata) and acorns (Quercus), it is suggested that the distributional patterns of these nut-bearing trees around the site affected people's subsistence strategies.

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