수렵채집사회 거주 유적 출토 식물상의 통시적 변화와 변화 요인의 해석-일본 산나이마루야마 유적의 예 = Archaeobotanical Investigations of Anthropogenic Disturbance and Plant Utilization at Sannai Maruyama, Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article examines the archaeobotanical seed assemblages from the prehistoric site of Sannai Maruyama in Japan. The seed remains originated from three waterlogged middens (P1, P2 and P3) located at the site and date to the Early Jomon period, ranging approximately from 5,900 to 5,000 cal B.P.
The investigation reveals noticeable temporal change in seed assemblage composition. The soil samples of the later phase of the Early Jomon period are characterized by an abundance of herbaceous and weedy plants that thrive in human disturbed habitats; these types of plants are only sparsely present in samples of the earlier phase, providing a stark contrast. This temporal change which can be observed across the seed assemblages indicates an anthropogenic disturbance of vegetation and proliferation of herbs and weeds around the settlement. Investigation further reveals that the seeds of some tree species which were abundant in the earlier phase virtually disappeared in the later phase. Although it may be that these trees were exploited for their wood and therefore removed from around the settlement, the analysis of wood charcoal remains does not necessarily support this hypothesis. Based on the results of the wood charcoal analysis and the experimental charring of fresh wood, this study argues that the disappearance of wood taxa in the later phase is more likely to be related to changes in plant utilization by the Sannai Maruyama occupants, rather than due to a hypothetical deforestation process around the settlement.

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