대학생의 폭음 관련 사회인지적 요인과 음주 정도의 관계 -지각된 음주규준의 역할을 중심으로 = The Relationship of Alcohol Drinking and Sociocognitive Factors on Binge Drinking of College Students - Focused on of Perceived Drinking Norm

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation among alcohol outcome expectancies, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, perceived drinking norms and alcohol use. This study was conducted via e-mail. Among 392 students who were participated via E-mail, 300 students (male 148, female 152) were met a definition of Wechsler’s binge drinking. The results revealed that perceived norms were associated with alcohol use in binge drinking group, while those were not in non-binge drinking group. It was identified that a difference of peer’s actual alcohol consumption and peer’s perceived drinking was associated with individual alcohol use. Moreover, for binge drinking group, perceived norms predicted alcohol use better than any other factors. Drinking motives mediated the relation with perceived norms and alcohol use. Especially perceived norms affected alcohol use not only by increasing drinking motives but also by itself. Implication of this study is to provide a basis of prevention and intervention of binge drinking for college students.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 음주행동에 미치는 사회인지적 요인의 영향을 분석하기 위해 대학생 폭음 집단에서 음주와 음주 결과기대, 금주 자기효능감, 지각된 음주규준, 음주동기의 관계에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 설문은 e-mail로 이루어졌으며, Wechsler(1992)의 폭음(binge drinking) 정의에 해당하는 남학생 148, 여학생 152명, 총 300명의 폭음집단을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 폭음집단에서 음주정도와 음주동기, 지각된 음주규준 간의 유의미한 상관이 있었으나 비폭음집단에서는 지각된 음주규준이 음주정도와 관련이 없었다. 또한 폭음집단에서 남녀 모두 친한 친구의 음주정도를 과대추정하였으며, 지각된 동료음주 규준과의 차이가 개인의 음주정도와 유의하게 관련이 있음을 확인하였다. 하지만 보통의 대학생의 음주정도 추정과의 관련성에 있어서는 남녀에 따라 차이가 있었다. 아울러 회귀분석을 통해 알코올기대, 금주 효능감의 영향력을 통제한 후 지각된 음주규준이 음주정도에 미치는 영향력이 유의미함을 확인하였다. 또한 음주정도에 미치는 지각된 음주규준의 영향을 음주동기가 매개하는지를 검증한 결과, 지각된 음주동기는 음주규준과 음주정도를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구의 임상적 의의와 제한점이 논의되었다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이민규, "음주행동과 관련된 심리사회적 요인" 12 (12): 165-179, 1993

2 신행우, "음주동기와 음주문제의 관계" 5 (5): 93-109, 1999

3 신행우, "음주동기 척도개발을 위한 예비연구" 5 (5): 77-92, 1999

4 김석도, "음주기대가 음주에 미치는 영향: 기대 이론과 기대-가치 이론의 비교" 서울대학교 2000

5 서경현, "음주 동기, 문제음주 및 음주 가족력과 대학생의 데이트 폭력" 한국사회문제심리학회 9 (9): 61-78, 2003

6 김희경, "여대상의 음주행위 영향요인" 아동간호학회 10 (10): 205-216, 2004

7 김인석, "성격, 주변인의 영향, 음주동기가 음주 및 음주문제에 미치는 영향" 한국임상심리학회 22 (22): 525-541, 2003

8 고명숙, "범죄유형별 음주기여율 비교연구" 3 (3): 159-167, 2002

9 유채영, "문제음주자의 변화동기에 관한 연구" 서울대학교 2000

10 천성수, "대학생폭음의 원인과 음주관련문제 분석" 3 (3): 221-233, 2002

11 양정수, "대학생의 음주와 운동이 학업성적에 미치는 영향" 한국사회체육학회 20 (20): 645-657, 2003

12 한소영, "남녀 대학생의 음주 문제 위험요인:사회 인지적 요인과 정서적 요인의 역할" 한국상담심리학회 17 (17): 1003-1019, 2005

13 보건복지부, "국민건강 영양조사 심층분석 보고서" 2001

14 Wechsler, H., "‘Binge’ Drinkers at Massachusetts Colleges: Prevalence, Drinking Style, Time Trends, and Associated Problems" 267 (267): 2929-2931, 1992

15 Lewis, M. A., "Who is the typical college student? Implications for personalized normative feedback interventions" 31 : 2120-2126, 2006

16 Perkins H. W., "Variation in perceived college drinking norms and its impact on alcohol abuse: a nationwide study" 26 : 961-974, 1996

17 Sobell, M. B., "The reliability of a Timeline method for assessing normal drinker college students’ recent drinking history: Utility for alcohol research" 11 : 149-161, 1986

18 Neighbors, C., "The relative impact of injunctive norms on college student drinking: The role of reference group" 22 : 576-581, 2008

19 Maddock, J., "The relationship of proximal normative beliefs and global subjective norms to college students’ alcohol consumption" 30 : 315-323, 2005

20 Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical consideration" 51 : 1173-1182, 1986

21 DiClemente, C. C., "The Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale" 55 (55): 141-148, 1994

22 Frazier, P. A., "Testing Moderator and Mediator Effects in Counseling Psychology Research" 51 (51): 115-134, 2004

23 Neighbors, C., "Targeting Misperceptions of Descriptive Drinking Norms: Efficacy of a Computer-Delivered Personalized Normative Feedback Intervention" 72 (72): 434-447, 2004

24 Jones, L. B., "Social norms, environmetnal management, campus culture and context: A case study of the dynamics shaping high risk drinking behaviors of college students" University of Oregon 2004

25 Abrams, D. B., "Social learning theory. in: Psychological theories of drinking and alcoholism" Guilford 1987

26 Collins, R. L., "Social Determinants of Alcohol Consumption: The Effects of Social Interaction and Model Status on the Self-Administration of Alcohol" 53 (53): 189-200, 1985

27 Williams, Robert J., "Self-efficacy for Refusal Mediated by Outcome Expectancies in the Reduction of Alcohol-Dependence amongst Young Adults" 28 (28): 347-359, 1998

28 Prentice, D. A., "Pluralistic ignorance and alcohol use on campus: Some consequeces of misperceiving the social norm" 64 : 243-256, 1993

29 Perkins, H. W., "Perceiving the community norms of alcohol use among students: Some research implications for campus alcohol education programming" 21 : 961-976, 1986

30 Cox, W. M., "Motivational structure Relationships with substance use and processes of change" 27 : 925-940, 2002

31 Stacy, A. W., "Memory Activation and Expectancy as Prospective Predictors of Alcohol and Marijuana Use" 106 (106): 61-73, 1997

32 Collins, S. E., "Mailed personalized normative feedback as a brief intervention for at-risk college drinkers" 63 : 559-567, 2002

33 Wiers, R. W., "High and low dose expectancies and the differential associations with drinking in male and female adolescents and young adults" 92 : 871-888, 1997

34 Borsari, B., "Effects of a Brief Motivational Intervention With College Student Drinkers" 68 (68): 728-733, 2000

35 Cooper, M. L., "Drinking to Regulate Positive and Negative Emotions: A Motivational Model of Alcohol Use" 69 (69): 990-1005, 1995

36 Oei, T. P. S., "Drinking refusal self-efficacy questionnaire-revised (DRSEQ-R): a new factor structure with confirmatory factor analysis" 78 : 297-307, 2005

37 Borsari B., "Descriptive and injuctive norms in college drinking: A meta-analytic integration" 64 (64): 331-341, 2003

38 Gaher, R. M, "Coping motives and trait negative affect: Testing mediation and moderation models of alcohol problems among American Red Cross disaster workers who responded to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks" 31 : 1319-1330, 2006

39 Fromme, K., "Comprehensive effects of alcohol: development and psychometric assessment of a new expectancy questionnaire" 5 (5): 19-26, 1993

40 O'Neill, S. E., "Clinical relevance of heavy drinking during the college years: Corss-sectional and prospective perspectives" 15 : 350-359, 2001

41 Wechsler, H., "Binge Drinking and the American College Student: What's Five Drinks?" 15 (15): 287-291, 2001

42 Baer, J. S., "Biases in the Perception of Drinking Norms among College Students" 52 (52): 580-586, 1991

43 Leigh, B. C., "Attitudes and expectancies as predictors of drinking habits: A comparison of three scales" 50 : 432-440, 1989

44 Sobel, M. E., "Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. in: Sociological Methodology" American Sociological Association 1982

45 Simons, J. S., "An affective and cognitive model of marijuana and alcohol problems" 19 (19): 326-334, 2005

46 Leigh, B. C., "Alcohol outcome expectancies: Scale construction and predictive utility in higher order confirmatory models" 5 : 216-229, 1993

47 Reese, F. L., "Alcohol expectancies in early adolescents: predicting drinking behavior from alcohol expectancies and parental alcoholism" 55 (55): 276-284, 1994

48 Oetting, E. R., "Adolescent drug use: Findings of national and local surveys" 58 (58): 385-394, 1990

49 Cox, W. M., "A motivational model of alcohol use" 97 : 168-180, 1988

50 Morawska, A., "A cogntive model of binge drinking: The influence of alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy" 29 : 159-179, 2004