성역할 고정관념과 청소년비행의 성별 차이 = Sex Role Stereotypes and Sex Differences in Juvenile Delinquency

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study addresses gender issues that have received little attention in empirical research-sex differences in juvenile delinquency and the mechanisms explaining the relationship between sex role stereotypes and delinquency. Data come from the first wave of the Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS) administered by Korea Institute for Youth Development. Results show that there are no substantial differences between boys and girls in levels of delinquency. Boys and girls share common predictors and have a few gender specific predictors of delinquency. This study performs a Chow test for equality of the regression coefficients across male and female subsamples. Results of a Chow test indicate assuming that the same model parameters apply equally to both groups by pooling the data is more appropriate than treatment of the data as two different subsamples. This study also examines whether the relationship between sex role stereotypes and delinquency is mediated by self-esteem and aggression. This study shows that the mediating processes that girls experience are different from those that boys experience. Girls who accept traditional sex role stereotypes were more likely to have low self-esteem. By contrast, boys who accept traditional sex role stereotypes were more likely to have higher self-esteem. Implications for youth welfare and delinquency prevention are discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 한국청소년패널 1차년도 조사 자료를 이용하여 청소년비행의 경험 측면, 예측요인 측면, 비행경로 측면에서의 성별차이를 분석하였다. 청소년패널 내 중학교 2학년 여자청소년의 51.9%, 남자청소년의 49.7%가 14가지 종류의 비행 중 적어도 한 가지 이상을 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이렇게 자기보고식 비행경험에 있어서는 성별 차이가 크지 않은 것으로 나타나 여자청소년 비행문제의 심각성을 보여주고 있다. 또한 청소년비행의 예측요인 측면에서도 성별 차이가 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 성별에 따라 분리된 모형에서의 일련의 회귀계수가 동등한지 상이한지를 살펴보기 위한 Chow 검정을 실시한 결과, 성별 차이가 없는 것으로 나타나 여자청소년과 남자청소년을 분리하지 않고 하나의 전체집단으로 동일 모형을 구성해도 별 무리가 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 하지만 성역할 고정관념이 청소년비행에 이르는 경로를 자아존중감과 공격성 두 개의 매개변수를 사용하여 분석한 결과, 성별 차이가 존재함이 밝혀졌다. 자아존중감과 공격성 모두 성역할 고정관념과 청소년비행 간의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났지만 성별에 따라 다른 방식으로 매개하였다. 전통적 성역할 고정관념이 여자청소년에게는 자아존중감에 부정적인 영향을 주는데 반해 남자청소년에게는 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 성역할 고정관념이 성별로 상이하게 작용하여 비행의 위험요인이 되고 있는 것이다. 본 연구의 결과는 효과적인 청소년 비행예방 및 교정을 위해서 이러한 남녀청소년의 경험적 특수성을 프로그램에 일부 반영하여야 함을 시사한다.

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