아동의 부정적 정서성과 어머니의 우울간의 종단적 상호관계: 교류모형적 접근 = Reciprocal Relations between Child Negative Emotionality and Maternal Depression: A Transactional Model

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We investigated the development of children’s negative emotionality and examined transactional relations between child negative emotionality and maternal depression in early childhood. Participants were 2078 children (49% female) and their parents who were part of the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE). Families were assessed annually when their children were 0–4 years old. Results from latent growth modeling indicate that parental ratings of child negative emotionality show a positive, nonlinear increase with growth decelerating over time. Moreover, higher initial levels of maternal depression were associated with higher concurrent levels of child negative emotionality. Higher initial levels of and growth in child negative emotionality significantly predicted maternal depression 4 years later. These findings support transactional processes between child temperament and maternal mental health in early childhood.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 아동의 발달과정을 거치면서 아동과 부모가 서로 지속적으로 영향을 주고받는다는 교류모형을 적용하여 초기 아동기에 아동의 부정적 정서성 기질과 어머니의 우울간의 종단적 상호관계를 살펴보았다. 육아정책연구소에서 구축한 한국아동패널연구의 1차년도(아동연령 만 0세)에서 5차년도 자료를 활용하였으며 아동의 부정적 정서성, 어머니의 우울, 인구학적 특성에 대한 정보는 어머니의 보고를 통해 수집하였다. 다변량 잠재성장모형으로 분석한 결과, 아동의 부정적 정서성은 0세에서 4세까지 그 증가속도가 점차 감소하는 비선형적 변화를 보였다. 또한 부모효과(0세 어머니의 우울 → 0세 아동의 부정적 정서성)와 아동효과(아동의 부정적 정서성 초기치 및 변화율 → 4세 어머니의 우울)가 모두 유의하게 나타나 교류모형을 지지하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 연구의 이론적, 정책적 시사점과 한계점을 논의하였다.

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