퇴계(退溪)의 자통해(自通解) 학습(學習) 연구(硏究) = Study on the Jatonghae of Toegye`s Learning

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It has been 450 years since Lee Hwang(1501~1570), whose pen-name was Toegye, the greatest Confucian during the Chosun dynasty, established Dosan-seodang where he devoted himself to developing himself physically and mentally, seeking the truth, and educating his disciples. Dosan-seowon was built by Toegye`s followers in recognition to his spirit and achievement in a field of study. What Toegye emphasized in seeking the truth and educating his students was Jatonghae, meaning to understand unknown knowledge by studying for himself. The way to lead to leaning of Jatongrhae should be autonomous. Autonomous learning is for students to set up a goal for studying by themselves, learn what they study, and evaluate the results of learning. The autonomous learning enables students to creatively develop their analytic and reasoning skills to solve problems that occur in studying. Nowadays, there are several drawbacks of school education in the excessively competitive society, such as studying only for entering university, relying heavily on private education, and losing of humanity. To overcome these problems, school education has been concentrating on changing its direction into self-directed learning in which students understand the ultimate goal of education and develop their creativity. At this point, Toegye`s learning processes and activities leading to Jatonghae will be of great significance to normalize public education and realize lifelong education.