공과대학생들이 지각하는 맥락적 변인과 공학흥미와의 관계: 학업효능감과 결과기대의 매개효과 = The Relationship Between Perceived Contextual Factors and Technical Interests among Engineering Students: The Mediating Effects of Academic Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectancy

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 공과대학 학생들이 지각한 맥락적 지지 및 장벽, 학업효능감, 결과기대 및 공학흥미 간 인과적 관계를 검증하기 위해, 서울과 경기지역에 소재한 공과대학 재학생 729명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 또한, 성별과 학교에 따라 각 변인들의 평균 및 연구 모형의 적합도에 차이가 있는지를 확인하기 위하여 다집단분석을 실시하였고, 변인들의 경로계수의 효과크기를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 학업효능감과 결과기대는 공학흥미에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤고, 맥락적 지지는 학업효능감과 결과기대를 매개로 공학흥미에 간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 맥락적 장벽은 학업효능감과 결과기대에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 성별에 따라 구조모형을 비교해 본 결과, 남학생집단에서는 모든 간접효과가 유의하게 나타났으나, 여학생집단에서는 맥락적 장벽의 간접효과가 유의하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 학교별로 구조모형을 분석한 결과, 성별에 따른 결과와 매우 유사하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과들을 토대로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점을 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the relationship between technical interests and social cognitive variables (self-efficacy, outcome expectation, perceived contextual barriers, and support). Toward this goal, structural equation models were used to test the validity of the research models, and multi-group analyses were carried out for investigations into the differences in interest models by gender and university. Results indicate that Korean engineering college students’ interest was explained well by the interest model specified in the study. In this model, however, the path coefficients of contextual barriers to self-efficacy and outcome expectancy were not significant. In addition, there were significant gender differences in the mean scores of the variables and model fits. Results also indicate that there were school differences in the mean scores of the social cognitive variables and model fit.

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