초기 한글 읽기 발달에서 실행 기능의 역할: 억제 능력 및 인지적 유연성을 중심으로 = The role of executive function in early Korean Hangul reading

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Recent studies have suggested that executive function (EF) abilities, in particular inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, relate to reading development from preschool years. The present study examined the unique importance of EFs for the early Korean Hangul reading. We tested 125 Korean children (ages 4-6 years) on tasks of inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, working memory, Korean word reading, phonological awareness, listening comprehension and vocabulary knowledge. With age, vocabulary knowledge, and working memory capacity statistically controlled, a prepotent response inhibition measured by Go/no-go task and interference suppression measured by Flanker task contributed unique variance to phonological awareness. Additionally, the prepotent response inhibition and cognitive flexibility significantly predicted listening comprehension. These results highlight the unique roles of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility for the development of Korean Hangul reading in beginning readers of Korean.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

실행 기능의 억제 능력과 인지적 유연성은 학령기 아동의 읽기 능력만이 아니라 학령전기 아동의 초기 문해 능력 발달에도 주요한 기여를 할 가능성들이 제기되었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 가능성이 한글 초기 읽기 발달에서도 존재하는지를 만 4-6세 아동 125명을 대상으로 검토하였다. 이 시기 아동들의 음운 인식 능력의 개인차에는 Go/No-Go 및 Flanker과제로 측정된 우세 반응 및 간섭 억제 능력이 연령, 작업 기억 용량, 어휘력을 통제하고도 고유한 기여를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 단어 읽기과제로 측정한 활자 인식 및 해독 능력에서는 억제나 인지적 유연성의 고유한 기여가 나타나지 않았다. 추가적으로, 아동의 구어 이해력의 개인차는 인지적 유연성과 반응 억제 능력의 발달 정도가 고유한 기여를 하는 것으로 나타나 한글 읽기 발달에서도 학령전기인 발달 초기부터 억제 능력과 인지적 유연성이 음운 인식 능력 및 구어 이해력 등을 통해 주요한 영향을 끼칠 수 있음을 시사하였다.

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