고등학생의 수학성취도와 가정배경 요인의 구조적 관계 분석 = Structural Relations between High School Students' Family Background Factors and Mathematics Achievement

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 부모의 교육수준, 경제수준, 부모관여와 같은 가정배경 요인이 수학 성적에 미치는 영향을 파악하였으며, 가정배경 변수들의 수학성적에 대한 영향력을 비교하고, 경로 구조를 밝히는 데에 초점을 두었다. PISA 2000의 수학 및 읽기 검사에 참여한 우리나라 고등학생의 수학 검사 성적 자료를 사용하였으며, 표본으로는 2,769명의 학생들이 분석되었다. 분석한 결과로는 첫째, 부모관여가 수학 성취에 미치는 총 효과의 크기가 부모의 교육수준 및 경제수준에 따른 영향력의 총 효과 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 수학성취 모형에서 부모의 교육수준이 부모관여에 미치는 효과의 크기가 경제수준이 부모관여에 미치는 효과의 크기보다 큰 것으로 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 부모의 교육수준과 경제적 지위는 각각 부모관여를 매개로 하여 수학 성취에 간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 부모관여는 내재적 동기와 과외학습을 각각 매개로 하여 수학 성취에 간접적인 영향을 미쳤다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study explores the structural effects of home background factors such as parental educational level, parental income level and parental involvement on high school students' mathematics achievement. This study focuses on investigating the underlying structural relationship within prediction variables.This study analyzed 2,769 Korean high school students' mathematics achievement by utilizing the data from Korean high school students who participated mathematics and reading tests in the Programme for International Student Assessment 2000 (PISA 2000). The findings are as follows.First, the result of the structural equation model shows that the parental involvement variable has a larger total effect on students' mathematics achievement than the total effect of inherited factors such as the parental income level and the education level. Second, this study empirically identifies that the parental education level has a larger impact on parental involvement than the income level in the mathematics achievement model.Third, the education level or the income level has an indirect effect on students' mathematics achievement by being mediated by parental involvement. Fourth, being mediated by intrinsic motivation or extra-curricular learning activities, parental involvement has an indirect effect on students' mathematics achievement.The findings of this study imply that policy makers should consider school-level strategies or educational policies that reduce the causal effect of parental socioeconomic status on student achievement. It would provide low-socioeconomic status students with improved achievement.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김아영, "학업성취도에 대한 지능과 동기 변인들의 상대적 예측력" 15 (15): 121-138, 2001

2 "학업성취 요인" 교육출판사 1977

3 구병두, "학업성취 관련 변인" 양서원 1996

4 "학생배경과 학업성취 어머니의 자녀교육에의 관여가 매개하는가?" 8 (8): 41-56, 1998

5 김경식, "학교 학업성적에 대한 과외학습의 효과" 13 (13): 45-65, 2003

6 윤정일, "초,중등학생 과외실태 조사연구" (특집) : 231-254, 1997

7 김아영, "자기결정성 이론에 따른 학습동기 유형 분류체계의 타당성" 16 (16): 169-187, 2002

8 백일우, "입시과외 수요 결정요인에 관한 연구" 17 (17): 117-136, 1999

9 전경숙, "아동의 학업성취동기요인과 학업성취도와의 상관연구" 3 (3): 69-76, 1985

10 김영희, "아동기 자녀의 학업성취에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 환경적 요인인가 또는 가족구조인가?" 11 (11): 357-365, 2002

11 문은식, "부모의 학습지원행동과 초 중학생의 학업동기 및 학업성취도의 관계 교육심리연구" 17 (17): 271-288, 2003

12 김계수, "구조방정식 모형분석" 데이터솔루션 2001

13 김영철, "과외와 사교육비" (특집) : 1-35, 1997

14 "고등학생 학업성취에 대한 학교효과와 과외효과의 비교 연구" 11 (11): 33-54, 2001

15 손경애, "고교생 과외의 실태와 주요 요인" (8) : 73-89, 1993

16 이정환, "가족환경, 과외, 성적" 36 (36): 195-213, 2002

17 김경근, "가족 내 사회적 자본과 아동의 학업성취" 10 (10): 21-40, 2000

18 "effects of motivation The Journal of Educational Research" 323-332, 2002

19 "Thrust for Educational Leadership" 40-44, 1994

20 "The role of parents in motivating struggling readers" 87-106, 2003

21 "The role of environment in the development of reading skills A longitudinal study of preschool and school-age measures Journal of Learning Disabilities" 59-67, 2003

22 "The relationship between parental involvement and children's educational achievement in the Korean immigrant family Journal of Comparative Family Studies" 529-540, 2002

23 "The relationship between IQ aspirations and academic achievement for Chinese" 267-275, 2002

24 "The relation between time spent on individual study and academai achievement in a problem-based curriculum Advances in Health Sciences Education" 43-49, 1998

25 "The investigation of personality structure Journal of Research in Personality" Finch 439-485, 1997

26 "The impact of racial and ethnic segregation on the achievement gap in California high schools" 377-396, 1992

27 "Structural equation models assessing relationship among student activities" Seattle Pacific University 2003

28 "Sociology of Education" 51-91, 1973

29 "Social capital in the creation of human capital American Journal of Sociology" 94-121, 1988

30 "School achievement at the secondary level Influence of parenting style and parent involvement in schooling McGill Journal of Education" 1997191-207

31 "SES and involvement" 78 (78): 169-170, 1996

32 "Role of parental motivational practices in children's academic intrinsic motivation and achievement Journal of Educational Psychology" 104-113, 1994

33 "Reexamination of input and process factor effects on public school achievement Journal of Education Research" 206-214, 1993

34 "Putting the cart before the horse Parent involvement in the improving America's School Act" 1757-1801, 1997

35 "Parental involvement, instructional expenditures, family socioeconomic attributes, and student achievement" ement family socioeco (ement family socioeco): 110-15, 2001

36 "Parental involvement in education in and out of school" 461-484, 1998

37 "Model specification：Procedures, strategies, and related issues" 16-36, 19951995

38 "Low-income parent' beliefs about their role in children's academic learning" 2004

39 "Linking parent involvement with student achievement The Journal of Educational Research" Do race and income matter? 11-30, 1999

40 "Linking family processes and academic competence among rural African American youths Journal of Marriage and the Family" Stoneman 567-579, 1995

41 김기영, "LISREL(SIMPLIS)을 이용한 구조방정식모형의 분석" 자유아카데미 2001

42 "Hierarchical linear modeling of student and school effects on academic achievement Canadian Journal of Education" 41-55, 2000

43 "Family involvement with children's homework An intervention in the middle grades" 149-157, 1998

44 "Family factors related to children's intrinsic/extrinsic motivational orientation and academic performance" 1461-1474, 1993

45 "Equality of educational opportunity" 1966

46 "Effects of home environment and maternal test scores on mathematics achievement The Journal of Educational Research" 305-314, 1996

47 "Educational Psychology" 1998

48 "Educational Psychology" 1998

49 "Does parental involvement affect eighth- grade student acvhievement? Structural analysis of national data" 474-496, 1993

50 "Differential effect of parental involvement on cognitive and behavioral outcomes by socioeconomic status Journal of Socio-Economics" 171-179, 2001

51 "Cognitive and family-support mediators of preschool effectiveness" 1119-1140, 1996

52 "Beginning reader's motivation for reading in relation to parental beliefs and home reading experiences" 239-269, 2002

53 "A structural equation model of parental involvement The Journal of Experimental Education" 257-87, 2002

54 "A structual model of parent and teacher influence on science attitudes of eight graders Evidence from NELS" Inc 93-109, 1998