정책수단연구: 기원, 전개, 그리고 미래 = Research on Policy Instruments: Origin, Development, and Future

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

For the last decade, policy instruments have been a topic of increasing interest for the students of public administration and public policy. This article assesses the state of the field by considering such questions as what the main reasons for this recent emergence of policy instrument research are, what the similarities and differences between first-generation studies and the recent second-generation studies are, and what major challenges are out there for current research on policy instruments.
This article argues that the growing interest in policy instrument research is based on theoretical, practical, and educational motivations. Current works on policy instruments differ from previous ones primarily in terms of their adoption of non-instrumentalist views, while the instrumentalist view still continues to enjoy a paradigmatic status. To hold more relevance for the theory and practice of public administration and policy implementation, second-generation researchers of policy instruments need more and better work on developing and testing instrument choice theories, solving the "instrument-mix" problem, and integrating instrument research with governance studies and organizational analysis.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문은 최근 주목받고 있는 정책수단 연구의 이론적, 실천적, 교육적 의의를 제시하였고, 정책수단 연구의 기원과 발전과정 및 기존 연구의 한계를 이론적으로 분석하였다. 나아가 최근의 정책수단 연구가 극복해야할 과제로서 정책수단선택 이론의 개발과 검증, 수단조합문제의 해결, 그리고 정책수단분석, 거버넌스연구 및 조직분석의 통합을 제시하였다.
1970년대 이후 정책수단연구의 주류 패러다임을 형성한 도구주의적 관점은 1980년대에 이르러 정책수단선택에 대한 기술적 인식의 문제점을 지적하는 다양한 비판에 직면하였다. 그러나, 오늘날 정책수단에 대한 처방적 조언은 여전히 도구주의적 관점에 의존하고 있으며 도구주의와 반성적 시각들 간의 긴장은 현재진행형이다. 이러한 긴장을 해소하고 정책수단연구가 한 단계 진일보하기 위해서는 정책수단선택에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 보다 포괄적인 이론의 개발과 그 이론의 검증을 위한 경험적 연구가 필요하다. 또한 수단조합 문제의 해결을 위해서는 정책수단의 분석단위와 분석수준에 대한 혼란을 제거할 수 있는 새로운 개념적 접근이 필수적이며, 끝으로 보다 간접화하고 있는 현대 정부의 정책수단선택이 정책성과에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해서는 정책수단연구와 거버넌스연구, 그리고 조직분석이 통합되어야 할 필요가 있다.

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