트라우마상담 모형: 단계별 치유 기제 및 기법에 대한 이해를 중심으로 = Trauma Counseling Model: Recovery Mechanisms and Techniques in Three Stages

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study focused on effective and tangible trauma counseling techniques from the perspectives of growth and extension in counselogy and reviewed the recovery mechanism on three stages of trauma. As the frames to analyse recovery mechanisms, the types of trauma events, neurophysiological studies of trauma response, the principles of affect arousal were reviewed. Specifically, the trauma theory by Herman was used for identifying core techniques in three stages. The classification of trauma events by Terr and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were used to define the trauma response and main counseling task in stages. In order to explain trauma response in a neurophysiological scope and find the implication of recovery mechanisms and tangibility of techniques, Survival Circuits, General Adaptation Syndrome, The polyvagal perspective, and Window of Tolerance were examined. Based on the analysis, the model of trauma counseling was suggested.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 성장과 확대에 초점을 둔 상담학의 관점에서 트라우마상담 기법의 효과성에 관심을 갖고 각 기법의 치유기제를 단계별로 고찰하였다. 치유기제를 고찰하는 틀로서, 외상사건의 종류, 외상반응의 신경생리학적 토대, 각성조절의 원리를 활용하였다. 외상상담의 기법 고찰은 Herman의 3단계 과정 이론을 기반으로 하였다. 외상사건과 반응에 대한 정의는 Terr의 분류법과 DSM-5 진단 기준을 활용하였다. 외상 반응에 대한 신경생리학적 설명은 생존회로와 정서조절체계, 그리고 다중미주신경이론과 각성의 창 이론을 적용하였다. 이상의 내용을 통합하여 상담현장에서 유용한 트라우마 상담모형을 제안하였다.

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