특성화고 졸업자의 재학 중 취업노력 및 취업지원이 실제 취업에 미치는 영향 = Analysis on Effects of Employment Activity and Support to School-to-Work Transition for Special-purpose High School Graduates

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to explore whether and how employment activities and supports were effective to school-to-work transition for special-purpose high school graduates. Government intervention to relieve employment problems for the youth mainly focused on college and university graduates who consist of more than 70 percent of the total youth population. Thus high school graduates have been kept away from the government’s policy targets relative to the graduates of tertiary education.
Under the consideration that high school graduates have lower probability to attach decent jobs, however, it is necessary for the government to expand policy target to the high school graduates as well as college and university graduates. This is because the high school graduates might end up with being ‘working poors,’ although they have jobs after graduation. If this dismal prediction is realized, then high school graduates would be the main sources to whom the government deliver income transfers through the national basic livelihood assistance program. From this point of view, government’s employment programs for the high school graduate seem to be proactive and efficient over time.
As a cross sectional data, High School Graduates Employment Survey (HSGES) collected by Korea Employment Information Service has been used for the analysis. HSGES contains information on labor market entry and job attachment process for high school graduates who have no plan to enroll in colleges or universities. Since more than 70% of high school graduates enter colleges or universities, sampling only the high school graduate who get a job after graduation would reduces self selection problems. Despite these advantages, it is difficult to dynamic process of school to work transition for high school graduates since HSGES has been collected only in 2012 and 2013. Meanwhile, it has been used the hierarchical logit model for the analysis where the hierarchy has been set based on the survey process: activities on career preparation, participation of various job search activities, and satisfaction on such activities.
It is found that school type and GPA among personal characteristics have relatively higher interaction with job attachment. Likewise, career discussion with family members and winning a prize in various competitions or contests related with future career also seem to have significant impact on school-to-work transition, and so do work experiences and career education such as resume and job interview. Among various employment support programs, consultation on resume and job interview seem to have a positive effect on probability of job attachment.
These findings support that career education in high school as well as at home would be critical to eradicate current youth employment problems in Korea. Furthermore, the government intervention focused more on college and university graduates’ employment performances needs to expand even to high school graduates. It is because supporting high school graduates would lessen their future financial and social risks as mentioned above. Finally, career education needs to be strengthened from the period during which students attended high school.

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