19세기 말 영국 중부 산업 도시의 실업과 도시 공간의 주도권 문제 -노팅엄(Nottingham)의 실업자 구제 사업과 헝거힐 가든 습격(the Hungerhill Gardens Attack) 사건을 중심으로- = Unemployment and Struggle for Space in the Urban Context: Nottingham in the Late Nineteenth Century -With Particular Reference to Municipal Relief Works and the Hungerhill Gardens Attack-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The 1880s were characterised by heavy depression and unemployment, and also considered as the point where a change in attitude towards the unemployment problem took place. One of the best known developments of the decade was Chamberlain`s circular in 1886, which gave legal authorisation to the provision of relief in non-pauperising works for the male, able-bodied, unemployed. The present paper examines how the unemployment problem was reflected towards the urban space of Nottingham in such a transitional period dealing with Municipal relief works in 1884-5, with special reference to the Hungerhill Gardens(HHG) attack in 1885. During the execution of the municipal relief works in 1884-5, the deserving/undeserving discourses was discernable among public opinion as well as a reporter of the COS. They assumed that the scheme was designed only for the deserving, the respectable workers. When the relief scheme was assessed, it was observed that the undesirability of the scheme lay not only in very limited practical effects of the scheme, but also and even more so, in the inappropriateness of its beneficiaries, the undeserving labourers. And the most important consideration leading to discrediting the scheme concerned the fear of a dangerous combination of ``the unemployed`` and ``the right to work`` that the scheme might induce. Apparently, the ensuing Hungerhill Gardens(HHG) attack realised the ultimate fear regarding municipal relief works, the notion of the right to work leading to organised action. The attack was indeed organised by the unemployed and targeted the tenants who refused to permit the taking of their gardens for a municipal conversion plan into building land as part of extended municipal relief works. The HHG attack was of importance in that it reflected the conflicting interests between the unemployed and garden holders surrounding the Hungerhill gardens sites in connection to the municipal relief works scheme and open space preservation.