요아킴의 성령론적 종말론 연구 = A Study of the Joachim of Fiore`s Pneumatological Eschatology

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Joachim of Fiore is to be regarded as the most outstanding prophet in the Medieval age. His life and thoughts formed by as both a recluse and agitator par excellence made a peculiar impact throughout the history of Christianity. Joachim interpreted the Bible along with the angle of the Trinity with special reference to the spiritual experience of illumination(oracle). He, on the one hand, divided the history of creation as generation following the pattern of Tyconius and Augustinus; on the other, unlike them, he further reinforced the theological significance of the Holy Spirit [in terms of the triune generation.] According to Joachim the creation history of God has been progressive into the three epochs in turn: the first epoch as the law of God the Father, the second as the grace of God the Son, and the third as the glory of God the Holy Spirit which as the final epoch is more gracious than the first two. This sort of view on the history has been critically examined. Above all this understanding of history means to be shifted from the Christological/Christocentric interpretation (i.e., BC & AD on the basis of the birth of Christ; the historical period between the first and second comings of Christ as the centeral figure of time) into that of the priority of the Pneumatology. As a result, according to Joachim`s interpretation of history, the Christological/ Christocentric understanding of history can be treated as the second epochal yet just transitional part of the three triune epochs rather than called as the center of history. As it were, the epoch of the Holy Spirit argued by Joachim turns out to be the climax of the development of history. Such perspective called as the Pneumatological eschatology can be seen as a pioneering or groundbreaking method of interpretation on history which has never been attacked before and after Joachim. Joachim`s thoughts anyhow have influenced next generations in spite of pro and con debates. The Roman Catholic Church looks at his view with suspicion; some border groups of the Protestant Church are challenged with this fresh revolutional insight as theological impetus. This is our today`s pressing theological agenda that Joachim`s Pneumatological eschatology needs to be critically revisited and reevaluated with new and more well-balanced way of approach.

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