농촌지역 결혼이민여성의 정신건강에 관한 연구 = Mental Health of Immigrant Women in Rural Communities -Focusing on Acculturative Stress and Social Support-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to find the differences in the mental health (PTSD-Post Trauma Syndrome Disorder and depression) of immigrant women living in rural communities in Korea according to socio-demographic variables, to analyze the correlation among acculturative stress, social support and mental health. The subjects were 153 immigrant women living in Chungcheong Buk-do and Jeollanam-do. The data were analyzed with frequency, correlation, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression by SPSS. The major findings were as follows:
1. PTSD in immigrant women was significantly different from income and period of marriage maintenance, self-esteem and expectation for the future, and their level of depression was also unrelated to income, period of marriage maintenance and naturalization as a Korean citizen, ability to speak Korean, self-esteem and expectations for the future.
2. PTSD in immigrant women was influenced by their expectations for the future, acculturative stress, husband's support, parents-in-law's support, friends' support from home country, informational support and material support. Immigrant women's level of depression was influenced by their ability to speak Korean, self-esteem, acculturative stress, husband's support, parents-in-law's support, friends' support from home country, non-government support, emotional support and material support.
In conclusion, social support has a buffering effect on mental health and is important to prevent incidents of PTSD and depression in immigrant women.. So to improve immigrant women's mental health management of acculturative stress, social support has to be provided.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 농촌지역에 거주하고 있는 결혼이민여성의 PTSD와 우울을 포함한 정신건강을 살펴보고 문화적응스트레스, 사회적 지지와 정신건강과의 관계, 문화적응스트레스와 사회적 지지 구조와 내용이 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 연구이다. 조사대상은 농촌에 거주하는 필리핀, 베트남, 중국, 태국 등 동남아 출신 결혼이민여성 153명을 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 인구사회학적 변수들에 따른 정신건강의 차이를 보면 소득, 결혼기간에 따라 PTSD가 차이를 보였으며, 소득, 결혼기간, 귀화유무에 따라 우울이 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 문화적응스트레스, 사회적 지지가 정신건강에 미치는 영향력을 살펴본 결과 미래에 대한 기대가 낮을수록, 남편의 지지가 낮을수록, 시부모의 지지가 낮을수록, 모국인 친구의 지지가 낮을수록, 정보적 지지와 물질적 지지가 낮을수록 PTSD가 높게 나타났다. 한국어 능력이 부족할수록, 남편의 지지가 낮을수록, 시부모의 지지가 낮을수록, 모국인 친구의 지지가 낮을수록, 민간단체의 지지가 낮을수록, 정서적 지지와 물질적 지지가 낮을수록 우울이 높게 나타났다. 즉 농촌지역에 거주하고 있는 결혼이민여성의 정신건강에 문화적응스트레스와 사회적 지지가 중요한 영향을 주고 있어 이들의 정신건강을 위한 문화적응프로그램과 가족지지를 비롯한 보다 폭넓은 지역사회 지지 활용 등 다각적인 개입방안이 모색되어야 하겠다.

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