고등학교 체육수업 무동기 척도 개발 및 타당화 검증 = Development and Validation of Student Amotivation Scale in High School Physical Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article outlines the initial development of a multidimensional measure designed to assess students' amotivation in Korean high school physical education(PE). First, we asked high-school students currently enrolled in PE classes about their experiences of amotivation so that we could generate a pool of items. In Study 1(n=260), an exploratory factor analysis of these items supported the hypothesized multidimensional amotivation construct with five dimensions: deficiency of ability, deficiency of effort, low value placed on the task, unappealing task characteristics, and problematic relationship. In study 2(n=179), a confirmatory factor analysis again supported the factorial structure. The supported model comprised these same five factors. Further, each of the five factors correlated negatively with students' future intention toward physical activity, a finding that supports the predictive validity of both each individual factor and the scale overall. Regarding gender differences, females reported more amotivation than did males. The multifaceted nature of students' motivational deficits in PE classes, as represented by their amotivation scores, should be considered in teaching and learning in the physical education.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Cheon, S. H., 2010

2 유진, "축구 집단효능감 검사지 개발과 타당화 검증" 한국스포츠심리학회 20 (20): 17-31, 2009

3 김병준, "체육학 연구법 제3판 2쇄" 무지개사 2011

4 박중길, "체육교사의 자율성 지지, 공동체 의식, 협력학습 및 내적동기와의 관계" 한국스포츠심리학회 21 (21): 49-67, 2010

5 천승현, "자율성지지에 기반을 둔 통합 체육활동이 중학생의 기본 심리적 욕구와 정서·행동적 참여에 미치는 효과" 한국특수아동학회 12 (12): 201-221, 2010

6 천승현, "자율성지지 방식의 당위성 제시가 신체활동 무동기 상태 학생들의 확인규제와 의도에 미치는 효과" 한국스포츠심리학회 21 (21): 309-326, 2010

7 양명환, "운동선수들이 지각하는 코칭행동과 운동동기와의 관계: 기본 심리적 욕구만족의 매개효과" 한국스포츠심리학회 21 (21): 217-231, 2010

8 권성호, "심리기술훈련을 통한 육상수업의 재미 및 내적동기 변화" 한국스포츠심리학회 19 (19): 97-114, 2008

9 홍세희, "구조 방정식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거" 19 (19): 161-177, 2000

10 엄성호, "교사의 지도행동에 따른 학생의 체육 내적동기" 한국스포츠심리학회 14 (14): 17-36, 2003

11 Pelletier, L. G., "Why do people fail to adopt environmentally protective behaviors? Toward a taxonomy of environmental amotivation" 29 : 2481-2504, 1999

12 Legault, L., "Why do high school students lack motivation in the classroom? Toward an understanding of academic amotivation and the role of social support" 98 : 567-582, 2006

13 Tabachnick, B. G., "Using multivariate statistics" Allyn and Bacon 2001

14 Jang, H., "Supporting students' motivation, engagement, and learning during an uninteresting activity" 100 : 798-811, 2008

15 Standage, M., "Students' motivational processes and their relationship to teacher rating in school physical education : A self-determination theory approach" 77 : 100-110, 2006

16 Bandura, A., "Self-efficacy: the exercise of control" W. H. Freeman 1997

17 Bandura, A., "Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency" 37 : 122-147, 1982

18 Ryan, R. M., "Self-determination theory and facilitation of intrinsic, social development, and well-being" 55 : 68-78, 2000

19 성태제, "SPSS/AMOS를 이용한 알기 쉬운 통계분석" 학지사 2008

20 Alexander, P. A., "Psychology in learning and instruction" Prentice-Hall 2005

21 Lim, B. S. C., "Perceived autonomy support, behavioral regulations in physical education and physical activity intention" 10 : 52-60, 2009

22 Vallerenad, R. J., "On the assessment of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation in education : Evidence on the concurrent and construct validity of the academic motivation scale" 53 : 150-172, 1993

23 Deci, E. L., "Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior" Plenum 1985

24 Ainley, M., "Interest, learning, and the psychological processes that mediate their relationship" 94 : 545-561, 2002

25 Marsh, H. W., "In search of golden rules : Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's(1999)findings" 11 : 320-341, 2004

26 Chen, A., "Goal, interest, and learning in physical education" 97 : 329-338, 2004

27 Green-Demers, I., "Factorial invariance of the academic amotivation inventory across gender and grade in a sample of canadian high school students" 68 : 862-880, 2008

28 Gorsuch, R. L., "Factor analysis" Lawrence, Erlbaum 1983

29 Wigfield, A., "Expectancy-value theory of achievement motivation" 25 : 68-81, 2000

30 Pelletier, L. G., "Association among perceived autonomy support, forms of self-regulation, and persistence : A prospective study" 25 : 279-306, 2001

31 Stevens, J. P., "Applied multivariate statistics for the social science" Lawrence Erlbaum 1996

32 Ntoumanis, N., "An idiographic analysis of amotivation in compulsory school physical education" 26 : 197-214, 2004

33 Shen, B., "An amotivation model in physical education" 29 : 72-84, 2010

34 김계수, "AMOS 구조방정식 모형분석" 데이터 솔루션 2004

35 Chen, A., "A web of achieving in physical education : Goals, interest, outside-school activity and learning" 14 : 169-182, 2004

36 Chen, A., "A theoretical conceptualization for motivation research in physical education: An integrated perspective" 53 : 35-58, 2001

37 Ntoumanis, N., "A self-determination approach to the understanding of motivation in physical education" 71 : 225-242, 2001

38 Ntoumanis, N., "A prospective study of participation in optimal school physical education using a self-determination theory framework" 97 : 444-453, 2005

39 Pintrich, P. R., "A motivational science perspective on the role of student motivation in learning and teaching contexts" 97 : 667-686, 2003

40 Johnmarshall Reeve, "A motivational model of rural students' intentions to persist in, versus drop out of, high school" AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC 95 (95): 347-356, 200306

41 Standage, M., "A model of contextual motivation in physical education : Using constructs from self-determination and achievement goal theories to predict physical activity intentions" 95 : 97-110, 2003