나트륨 섭취량 감소 정책의 비용편익 분석 = Cost-benefit Analysis of Sodium Intake Reduction Policy in Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구에서는 현재 정부에서 추진 중인 우리 국민의 나트륨 섭취량 감소 정책의 비용·편익 분석을 수행하기 위해, 나트륨 과다섭취에 의해 영향을 받는 대표적인 질병들을 대상으로 하여 나트륨 섭취량 감소로 인한 사회·경제적인 편익과 비용 추정을 국내 최초로 시도하였다.
우리 국민의 평균 나트륨 섭취량을 2009년 현재 수준인1인 1일 4.7 g에서 3 g으로 낮출 경우의 비용·편익 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.
1. 의료비용 절감, 노동손실비용 감소, 사망으로 인한 소득및 후생손실의 감소 등을 모두 포함하는 나트륨 섭취량 감소정책의 총 편익은 연간 12조 6,000억 원으로 추정되었다.
2. 우리나라에서 나트륨 섭취량 감소 정책을 시행할 경우 약 1,490억 원의 비용이 소요될 것으로 추정되었고, 비용 추정이 정확하지 않을 수 있는 가능성을 고려하여 약 125억 원부터 약 1조 3000억 원까지의 매우 넓은 범위의 추정치를고려하였다.
3. 나트륨 섭취량 감소 정책의 효과가 5년에 걸쳐서 점진적으로 나타나는 것으로 가정하고 25년에 걸친 정책의 수익률을 계산하면 가장 선호되는 편익과 비용의 중간 추정치를적용하는 경우에 편익이 비용의 약 78배에 이르는 것으로 추정되었다.
결론적으로, 비용 추정의 제한점과 편익의 과소 추정 가능성을 모두 고려하더라도, 현 시점에서 우리 국민의 나트륨 섭취량 감소 정책에 대한 투자는 경제적인 관점에서 매우 바람직하므로, 동 정책의 일관성 있고 지속적인 추진을 위해 필요한 재원과 인력 확보 및 이해 당사자 간의 협력 방안 모색등 보다 적극적인 중장기 계획의 수립과 시행이 정부에 의해이루어져야 할 것이다.

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