대학교수의 특허활동이 연구활동에 미치는 효과에 대한 연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 대학의 연구 역량이 기술혁신에서 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 것이 널리 인식되면서 이에 따른 산학협력의 강화가 선진국은 물론 개도국에서도 중요한 정책이슈로 부각되었다. 그러나 국내에서는 다양한 산학협력 프로그램의 강화에도 불구하고 어떤 조건에서 산학협력이 의미 있는 결실을 맺을 수 있는지에 대한 연구는 드물다. 이러한 배경에 따라 선진국에서 이루어지고 있는 대학의 특허활동과 연구활동 사이의 관계에 대한 기존 논의를 보완론과 대체론으로 대별시켜 검토해보았다. 보완론은 자원효과와 마태효과 등을 통해 특허나 논문 활동이 서로 선순환 구조를 이루는 것으로 설명하는 반면, 대체론은 과학자 사회의 근본규범이 비공개문제와 왜곡효과 등으로 논문으로 대변되는 과학활동이 위축될 것을 우려하고 있다. 본 연구는 한국학술진흥재단 DB의 자료추출로 구축한 지난 16년 간 국내 대학교수의 연구활동과 특허활동에 대한 패널데이터를 통해 특허활동이 연구활동에 어떤 영향을 끼쳤는지를 분석해보았다. 분석 결과, 국내 대학교수들의 경력, 소속대학, 전공을 통제하였을 경우, 특허 등록수로 측정된 활동이 출간된 논문수로 측정된 연구활동에 긍정적으로 기여하고 있음을 검증하였다. 이에 따라 향후 학술연구 지원활동에 대한 정책적 시사점을 도출하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The importance of universities' knowledge to industrial innovation have widely pervaded the academia as well as policy communities. During the last three decades, a series of policy measures vitalizing the knowledge-transfer activities of academics have been implemented both in industrialized and industrializing countries. However, The concerns on the industry's influences on the academia have been raised by a group of researchers such as 'Economics of science'.
Against this background, this paper addresses the issues related to the relationship between the academic research and knowledge-transfer activities. Particularly, based on the 16 years' panel data of Korean academics' patent and paper outputs, the effect of patenting activities on publishing activities is investigated. Moreover, the specific context of Korean academic system as well as general characteristics of academics are considered in the analysis and discussion.
According to the results, not just the publishing and patenting outputs but their productivities have been dramatically increased during the last 16 years. The main finding is that the patenting activities have a consistent positive effect on the publishing activities of the academics in the estimations of panel models. Based on these results and the discussions, some policy recommendations for university-industry collaboration are suggested.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문요약
• ABSTRACT
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 검토
• Ⅲ. 연구모형 및 기초통계
• Ⅳ. 분석결과
• Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론
• 참고문헌

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