문항묶음:원리의 이해와 적용 = Item Parceling: Understanding and Applying the Principles

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Item parcels, defined as the sum or mean scores of individual item scores, have been widely used in covariance structure models, such as structural equation models, because of their statistical advantages. The aims of the present study are to integrate studies on item parceling in the past 20 years and to propose appropriate methodological strategies with which researchers can apply when utilizing item parceling technology. This study first outlines the reasons why item parcels are used in light of psychometric properties and a structural equation model, and then it discusses controversies surrounding item parceling. After explaining and comparing the strategies for creating parcels, the study gives some appropriate suggestions. Finally, the study proposes steps researchers can follow and emphasizes precautions that should be considered. This study highlights the fact that using parcels is not a technique employed to resolve any problems in a model, but is a useful method to enhance the quality of research if it is used in an appropriate manner. The present study is expected to contribute to the field where item parcels are used and to enhance the quality of quantitative research.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

구조방정식 모형의 틀에서 관심 있는 구인(construct)을 분석하는 방법이 널리 쓰이게 되면서, 모형을 어떻게 더 정확하게 설정하고 모형적합도를 높일 수 있을지에 대한 관심이 많아졌다. 이를 위한 방법 중 하나가 문항묶음(item parcel)을 구인의 지표로 사용하는 것이다. 문항묶음은 경로모형에서도 사용될 수 있으나, 주로 측정모형을 설정할 때 사용할 수 있는 기법으로, 두 개 이상의 개별문항 점수를 합산하거나 평균을 내어 만든 묶음을 구인의 지표로 사용하는 것이다. 문항묶음 사용에 대한 논쟁은 여전히 진행 중이며, 여러 방법론적 연구가 진행되고 있다. 최근 국내의 다양한 분야에서 문항묶음을 사용한 실질연구가 발표되고 있으나, 사용을 위한 중요한 가정을 확인하지 않거나 필요한 정보를 제공하지 않은 논문들이 많았다. 따라서 본 연구는 지난 20여 년간 이루어진 문항묶음 연구들을 통합하고, 이에 기반하여 일반 연구자들에게 적절한 절차를 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 먼저, 문항묶음을 사용하는 이유를 측정학적 관점과 구조방정식모형 관점으로 나누어 설명한다. 다음으로는 문항묶음 사용을 둘러싼 여러 논쟁들과 제안점에 관해 논의하고, 실질적으로 문항묶음을 어떻게 만들 것인지를 다룬다. 마지막으로, 문항묶음을 사용하려는 연구자들이 참고할 수 있는 적절한 단계를 제안하고, 사용 시 주의점에 대해서 논의한다.

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