청동기시대 중국 동북 지역 금속제 이식의 시공간성과 제작 방식 = The Manufacture Method and Spatial-temporal Nature of Bronze Age Metallic Earrings from the Chinese Northeast Region

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Bronze Age metallic earrings of the Chinese Northeast region can becategorized into the following: the type that has an attached earring with ahollow horn-shaped ornament attached underneath (type AI), the miniaturetype with a solid triangular ornament (type AII), the round ring type with a solidisosceles triangle ornament attached to the end of a metallic wire (type BI),and the solid oval-shaped type with a triangular ornament (type BII), the typein which metallic wire is wound half-way around a circular ring and the endsof the wire do not intersect (type CI), the type in which metallic wire is woundseveral times around the ring (type CII), and the type in which metallic wire iswound several times and, unlike type CII (in which the wire is bound vertically),horizontally in a spiral shape beneath the top metallic wire (type CIII).
Of the metallic earrings of the Chinese Northeast region, prior to the 15thcentury BCE, types AII~BII are sparsely distributed in the Lower Xiajiadiancultural sphere, in Aohanqi and Fuxin city. During the 12th-10th centuriesBCE, type CII is distributed in the Siramuren River area in the early sites of theUpper Xiajiadian culture, types BII ·CI are distributed in the upper reaches ofthe Dalinghe River in the sites of the Weiyingzi type culture, and type AI is alsosparsely distributed in the Liuhe River area in the sites of the Gaotaishan culture.
During the 9th-7th centuries BCE, types BI ·CI~CIII are found distributed inthe Upper Xiajiadian cultural sphere centered around Ningcheng prefecture,and types CI~CII appear together in the southeastern and northern peripherysites of the Baijinbao cultural sphere. In the 6th-5th and 4th centuries BCE thedistribution sphere is reduced and types CI~CIII are found distributed only insoutheastern Inner Mongolia.
The great majority of the Bronze Age metallic earrings of northeastern Chinaare made of bronze and through their particular forms and the existence ofmoulds we know that these were manufactured locally. In the case of the typeAI earring, because the horn-shaped ornament located below the metallic wiresis hollow, we know that after it was moulded together the upper metallic wirewas completed through tempering and pressure-polishing, and the horn-shapedornament through polishing. On the other hand, types AII~CIII were completedthrough tempering and pressure-polishing after being forged and heated orcooled. The chemical proportions of the alloy were adjusted according to thetype of earring and slight differences can be observed according to period and site.

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