도덕 판단력 측정도구 MJT의 특징과 활용법

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 도덕성 측정 도구 중의 하나인 도덕판단력검사(Moral Judgement Test)의 특징과 활용법을 소개하여 한국의 도덕교육 평가 분야의 발전에 기여하고자 하는데 목적을 둔다. 한국의 도덕과교육은 계획-실시-평가의 교육활동 중에서 특히 평가를 소홀히 한 경향이 많았다. 기왕에 소개된 도구로는 주제정의형 도덕판단력진단검사(Defining Issues Test)가 있다. 이는 국내에 일찍이 소개되어, 도구 자체에 대한 타당화 작업을 토대로 많은 후속연구가 이루어졌다. 하지만 미국 중심의 이 도구에 버금가는 유럽과 남미에서 통용되고 있는 도덕판단력검사에 대한 제대로된 소개가 국내에서는 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 논문은 신뢰도와 타당도를 인정받고 있고 상당한 효용성이 있는 것으로 입증된 도덕판단력검사 도구를 국내에 소개하고, 그 후속연구를 위한 안내를 하고자 한다. 이 도구의 가장 큰 장점으로 높은 가독성, 손쉬운 채점방법 등을 꼽을 수 있다. DIT와는 달리 항목에 대한 단순 선택지향이 아니라 그 이유를 선택하게 하여 보다 구체적인 심리적 경향을 파악한다는 점에서 도덕과교육의 평가 범위를 확대해 나가는데 있어서 유용한 도구로 기대된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper is focused on introducing the Moral Judgement Test(MJT) to Korean educational environment. To raise level of their morality, it is very important for educators to evaluate students. For over 20 years, the MJT has been proved the validity, credibility, and effectiveness as a good instrument to measure the morality of people in Europe. It is unbelievable that the MJT has not introduced to Korea yet. So it is obviously anticipated that this paper would devote in much broaden areas. The MJT was developed by G. Lind who is a professor of University of Konstanz. The main idea came from L. Kohlberg. According to Kohlberg, the capacity is to make decisions and judgements which are based on moral & internal principles and to act in accordance with such judgement. The MJT has used workers' dilemma and doctor's dilemma. Essentially the MJT assesses moral judgement competence by recording how a subjet deals with counter-argument that is with arguments opposing his or her position on a difficult problem. This counter-argument is one of peculiar feature of the MJT. The main score(C-index) of the MJT measures the degree to which a subject's judgements about pro and con arguments are determined by moral points of view rather than by non-moral considerations like opinion-agreement. The MJT embodies a moral task and not merely a moral attitude or value. The C-index reflects a person's ability to judge arguments according to their moral quality rather than their opinion agreement or other factors. C-index ranges from 1 to 100. It indicates the percentage of an individual's total response variation due to a subject's concern for the moral quality of given arguments. It is very unique that the MJT raise the simultaneous assessment of two aspects of moral judgement behavior, cognitive and affective aspects. The MJT is designed as a multi-variate experiment with a 6*2*2 dependent variable structure. The MJT is apparently not another version of Defining Issues Test(DIT) with a concept of rating preferences of subjects. Now MJT has a task for standard process in applying to Korean society.

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