분노에 대한 인간학적 고찰

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Anger has been recognized as one of the core emotions of human beings throughout the world. However, traditional ethics or religion regarded anger as an object that needed be controlled and as an obstacle which restricted the moral and rational liberty of humans. The purpose of the study was to examine the humanistic value and moral personality of anger in a critical angle towards the abovementioned view.
In order to conduct the study, the study classified elements of anger into three conditions: value judgment, desire, and will of revenge. On this basis, the study examined the aspects of anger in a practical context. If anger is expressed only in blind desire and will of revenge, it merely has unreasonable aggression. However, if private desire is properly controlled and reflected by reasonable judgment, anger can be recognized to be a gesture to express the moral will of humans.
The study developed discourses in such personalities of anger from the point of view of Plato’s essay on man, and Spinoza’s will of self-preservation. Plato classified the elements composing humans into reason(logistikon), desire(epithymia), and spirit(thymoeides), and emphasized moral functions of anger by putting thymoeides - namely anger (thymos) - in the third scope differing from desire.
On the other hand, Spinoza classified anger as a finite modus of substance. In this sense, anger is not just a passive impulse. It is regarded to also have mental sides since it participates in both the property of reasoning and extensive property of substance essentially. According to Spinoza, it is good that humans have desire from the viewpoint of self preservation since it follows the universal law of nature. Therefore, it is rational to express emotion including anger from the viewpoint of self-preservation in order to create beneficial results in nature.
Consequently, anger is a very humanistic behavior that shows moral existentiality of humans according to their moral or practical reasons. Therefore, the focus should be placed on self-examination and reflection rather than anger itself, disregarding anger to be an object that needs to be controlled unconditionally.

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